Military Conflict in the Civil War Practice Test

Secondary source excerpt (Civil War military conflict, 1861–1865): Military histories of the Western Theater emphasize that early Union victories along the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers opened pathways into the Confederate heartland. Which pair of forts captured in 1862 best represents this breakthrough?

Secondary source excerpt (Civil War military conflict, 1861–1865): Analysts of the Eastern Theater highlight how geography and proximity to political capitals pressured commanders into risky offensives. Which battle is most associated with the single bloodiest day in American history and influenced Lincoln’s decision to issue a major wartime proclamation?