Failure of Reconstruction Practice Test

A historian argues that Reconstruction failed because federal policy did not break up the plantation system, allowing landowners to retain economic dominance and shape local politics. Which policy alternative, if adopted widely, would most directly have addressed this critique?

A secondary-source excerpt claims that Reconstruction’s end enabled a new racial order in the South marked by legalized segregation and systematic disenfranchisement. Which term is most commonly used for this system that developed after Reconstruction?