16th-Century Society and Politics Practice Test

A return to early medieval monastic isolation, as new orders rejected schools and prohibited engagement with urban lay populations.

A purely political movement to abolish doctrine, since reformers rejected sacraments and replaced bishops with elected congregational elders.

A campaign to end clerical education, because seminaries were closed and parish priests were encouraged to remain illiterate for humility.

An effort to strengthen institutional Catholicism through administrative reform and pastoral oversight, partly to counter Protestant expansion.

A decentralization of church authority, as bishops surrendered discipline to independent towns that regulated parish life without clergy.