Understand Random Sampling Practice Test

A middle school has 600 students. The student council wants to know what percentage of students prefer pizza as the main lunch option. They use a random number generator to pick 60 student ID numbers and survey those students.

Is this sampling method likely to produce a representative sample of the whole school, and are the results reasonable to generalize to all 600 students?​​

A school has 720 students in grades 6–8. A teacher wants to estimate the average amount of time students spend on homework each night.

Method 1: Survey 40 students who are in the library after school.

Method 2: Use a random number generator to select 40 student ID numbers from the entire school and survey those students.

Which method is more likely to give a representative sample of the whole school, and why?​​