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7th Grade Math Quiz

7th Grade Math Quiz: Rewrite Expressions In Different Forms

Practice Rewrite Expressions In Different Forms in 7th Grade Math with focused quiz questions that help you check what you know, review explanations, and build confidence with test-style prompts.

Question 1 / 20

0 of 20 answered

A store offers a discount where customers pay 0.85p0.85p0.85p for an item originally priced at ppp dollars. Which expression shows the relationship between the discount amount and the sale price?

Select an answer to continue

What this quiz covers

This quiz focuses on Rewrite Expressions In Different Forms, giving you a quick way to practice the rules, question types, and explanations that matter most for 7th Grade Math.

How to use this quiz

Try each quiz question before looking at the correct answer. Use the explanations to review missed ideas, then come back to similar questions until the pattern feels familiar.

All questions

Question 1

A store offers a discount where customers pay 0.85p0.85p0.85p for an item originally priced at ppp dollars. Which expression shows the relationship between the discount amount and the sale price?

  1. Discount amount = 0.15p0.15p0.15p, Sale price = p−0.15pp - 0.15pp−0.15p (correct answer)
  2. Discount amount = 0.85p0.85p0.85p, Sale price = p+0.85pp + 0.85pp+0.85p
  3. Discount amount = 0.15p0.15p0.15p, Sale price = p+0.15pp + 0.15pp+0.15p
  4. Discount amount = 1.15p1.15p1.15p, Sale price = p−1.15pp - 1.15pp−1.15p

Explanation: Since customers pay 0.85p0.85p0.85p, they receive a 15% discount. The discount amount is p−0.85p=0.15pp - 0.85p = 0.15pp−0.85p=0.15p. The sale price can be written as 0.85p0.85p0.85p or equivalently as p−0.15pp - 0.15pp−0.15p. Choice B incorrectly identifies the sale price as the discount. Choice C shows an increase instead of a discount. Choice D uses an impossible discount percentage greater than 100%.

Question 2

The cost to rent a car is 25+0.15m25 + 0.15m25+0.15m dollars, where mmm is miles driven. A customer wants to spend exactly $40. Which form of the equation 25+0.15m=4025 + 0.15m = 4025+0.15m=40 makes it easiest to see how many miles they can drive?

  1. 0.15m=150.15m = 150.15m=15 because it isolates the variable term from the constant
  2. m=40−250.15m = \frac{40 - 25}{0.15}m=0.1540−25​ because it shows the calculation steps needed (correct answer)
  3. 25=40−0.15m25 = 40 - 0.15m25=40−0.15m because it shows the base cost equals remaining budget
  4. 25+0.15m40=1\frac{25 + 0.15m}{40} = 14025+0.15m​=1 because it shows the ratio of cost to budget

Explanation: The form m=40−250.15m = \frac{40 - 25}{0.15}m=0.1540−25​ directly shows how to calculate the miles: take the budget (40),subtractthebasefee(40), subtract the base fee (40),subtractthebasefee(25), then divide by the per-mile rate ($0.15). This makes the solution process transparent. Choice A requires another step to solve for mmm. Choice C doesn't directly show the miles. Choice D creates unnecessary complexity with ratios.

Question 3

A rectangular garden has area 6x2+9x6x^2 + 9x6x2+9x square feet. Which factored form reveals the most useful information about possible dimensions?

  1. 3x(2x+3)3x(2x + 3)3x(2x+3) because it shows one side is 3x3x3x and the other is 2x+32x + 32x+3 (correct answer)
  2. x(6x+9)x(6x + 9)x(6x+9) because it shows one side is xxx and the other is 6x+96x + 96x+9
  3. 3(2x2+3x)3(2x^2 + 3x)3(2x2+3x) because it shows the area is 3 times a simpler expression
  4. 6x(x+1.5)6x(x + 1.5)6x(x+1.5) because it shows one side is 6x6x6x and the other is x+1.5x + 1.5x+1.5

Explanation: Factoring out the greatest common factor: 6x2+9x=3x(2x+3)6x^2 + 9x = 3x(2x + 3)6x2+9x=3x(2x+3). This form shows the dimensions as 3x3x3x feet by (2x+3)(2x + 3)(2x+3) feet, both of which are reasonable expressions for side lengths. Choice B factors out only xxx, not the complete GCF. Choice C factors out 3 but doesn't reveal dimensional information. Choice D uses a decimal coefficient, which is less clean than the integer form.

Question 4

The temperature in degrees Fahrenheit can be converted to Celsius using C=59(F−32)C = \frac{5}{9}(F - 32)C=95​(F−32). Which equivalent expression shows how much the Celsius temperature changes when Fahrenheit increases by 9 degrees?

  1. C=5F9−1609C = \frac{5F}{9} - \frac{160}{9}C=95F​−9160​ to show the linear relationship with slope 59\frac{5}{9}95​
  2. C=5F−1609C = \frac{5F - 160}{9}C=95F−160​ to show the numerator contains both variable and constant terms
  3. 9C=5F−1609C = 5F - 1609C=5F−160 to show that 9-degree Fahrenheit changes equal 5-degree Celsius changes (correct answer)
  4. 9C5=F−32\frac{9C}{5} = F - 3259C​=F−32 to show the inverse relationship between the temperature scales

Explanation: The form 9C=5F−1609C = 5F - 1609C=5F−160 clearly shows that when FFF increases by 9, the term 5F5F5F increases by 5×9=455 \times 9 = 455×9=45, so 9C9C9C increases by 45, meaning CCC increases by 5. This directly reveals the 9:5 ratio. Choice A shows the slope but not the specific 9-degree relationship. Choice B doesn't highlight the ratio. Choice D shows the inverse but doesn't emphasize the change relationship.

Question 5

A class is collecting cans. Last week they collected ppp cans, but this week they collected 20% fewer. The amount this week is p−0.20pp - 0.20pp−0.20p. Which equivalent expression makes it easiest to find the new amount?

  1. 0.80p0.80p0.80p (correct answer)
  2. p−20p - 20p−20
  3. 1.20p1.20p1.20p
  4. 0.20p0.20p0.20p

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: cans p with 20% fewer, calculate p-0.20p=p(1-0.20)=p(0.80) (factoring p shows multiply by 0.80); or sales 50with2050 with 20% discount: 50-0.20(50)=50(0.80)=40 (rewrite reveals multiply by 0.80 for 20% decrease). The correct rewriting 50with200.80pshowsequivalencebycombiningliketermsp−0.20p=0.80p,makesiteasiesttocomputeas80shows equivalence by combining like terms p - 0.20p = 0.80p, makes it easiest to compute as 80% of p, and reveals the decrease relationship clearly. Common errors includeshowsequivalencebycombiningliketermsp−0.20p=0.80p,makesiteasiesttocomputeas801.20pconfusingdecreasewithincrease,confusing decrease with increase,confusingdecreasewithincrease,0.20pwhichisonlythereduction,orwhich is only the reduction, orwhichisonlythereduction,orp - 20$ subtracting a flat 20 instead of percentage. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 6

A student writes 3x+123x+123x+12 on the board and wants to factor it to show a common factor. Which expression is equivalent to 3x+123x+123x+12 and shows the greatest common factor?

  1. 3x(12)3x(12)3x(12)
  2. 3(x)+123(x)+123(x)+12
  3. 3(x+4)3(x+4)3(x+4) (correct answer)
  4. x+4x+4x+4

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, the expression 3x + 12 can be factored as 3(x + 4), pulling out the greatest common factor of 3 from both terms. The correct rewriting is 3(x + 4), which shows equivalence by reverse distributive property and highlights the common factor clearly. A common error is choosing 3(x) + 12 which doesn't fully factor, or x + 4 which ignores the 3, or 3x(12) which multiplies incorrectly to 36x. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in x=2: 3(2+4)=18, 3(2)+12=6+12=18✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).

Question 7

A library charges ccc dollars per bookmark, and a student buys 4 bookmarks. The total cost is written as c+c+c+cc+c+c+cc+c+c+c. Which expression is an equivalent rewrite that shows the total as “4 times ccc”?

  1. 4c4c4c (correct answer)
  2. c4c^4c4
  3. c/4c/4c/4
  4. 4+c4+c4+c

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, buying 4 bookmarks at c dollars each, the total c + c + c + c can be combined as 4c, showing it's 4 times the cost per bookmark. The correct rewriting is 4c, which demonstrates equivalence by combining like terms and clearly shows the multiplication relationship. A common error is selecting c^4 which exponents instead of multiplies, or 4 + c which adds instead, or c/4 which divides wrongly. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in c=2: 4(2)=8, 2+2+2+2=8✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).

Question 8

A snack costs ppp dollars. The store adds 8% sales tax, so the total cost is p+0.08pp+0.08pp+0.08p. Which equivalent expression shows the total as one multiplication?

  1. 8p8p8p
  2. 1.08p1.08p1.08p (correct answer)
  3. p(0.08)p(0.08)p(0.08)
  4. p+0.8p+0.8p+0.8

Explanation: This question tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, a $50 item with 8% tax is 50 + 0.08(50) = 50 + 4 = 54, or rewritten as 50(1 + 0.08) = 50(1.08) = 54, showing the total as 108% of original. The correct rewriting is p + 0.08p = 1.08p, which shows equivalence by combining like terms and reveals the utility of one multiplication for total cost including tax. A common error is p(0.08) only the tax amount, or p + 0.8 adding flat 0.8, or 8p multiplying by 8 incorrectly. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 9

A snack pack costs \40andthestoreaddsa30and the store adds a 30% markup. The selling price isandthestoreaddsa3040+0.3(40)$. Which equivalent expression is the most efficient rewrite for calculating the selling price?

  1. 0.3(80)0.3(80)0.3(80)
  2. 40(0.3)40(0.3)40(0.3)
  3. 40(1.3)40(1.3)40(1.3) (correct answer)
  4. 40+0.340+0.340+0.3

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, with a snack pack at $40 with 30% markup, the selling price 40 + 0.3(40) can be rewritten as 40(1 + 0.3) = 40(1.3), making it efficient to calculate as a single multiplication. The correct rewriting is 40(1.3), which demonstrates equivalence by factoring out 40 and shows the utility for quick mental math on the marked-up price. A common error is choosing 40(0.3) which is only the markup amount (forgetting the original), or 0.3(80) which equals the markup but not the total, or 40+0.3 which adds a flat 0.3 instead of percentage. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: 40(1.3)=52, 40+0.3(40)=40+12=52✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).

Question 10

A rectangle has length lll and width www. Its perimeter can be written as 2l+2w2l + 2w2l+2w. Which rewrite shows the meaning more clearly as “twice the sum of length and width”?

  1. l+wl + wl+w
  2. (2l)(2w)(2l)(2w)(2l)(2w)
  3. 2(l−w)2(l-w)2(l−w)
  4. 2(l+w)2(l+w)2(l+w) (correct answer)

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: perimeter of rectangle with sides 5 and 3 is 2×5 + 2×3=2(5+3)=2(8)=16 (factoring 2 shows twice the sum); or length l width w: 2l + 2w=2(l+w) (rewrite clarifies the structure). The correct rewriting 2(l+w) shows equivalence by factoring out 2 from both terms, clearly reveals the meaning as twice the sum of length and width, and simplifies understanding of the perimeter formula. Common errors include l + w which omits the doubling, (2l)(2w) which multiplies instead of adding, or 2(l-w) which subtracts incorrectly. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 11

A coach buys 23 water bottles and 77 sports drinks, each costing \7.Thetotalcostis. The total cost is .Thetotalcostis7\times 23 + 7\times 77$. Which rewrite uses factoring to make the calculation easiest?

  1. (7+23)77(7+23)77(7+23)77
  2. 7×(23−77)7\times(23-77)7×(23−77)
  3. 7(23×77)7(23\times 77)7(23×77)
  4. 7(23+77)7(23+77)7(23+77) (correct answer)

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, for buying 23 water bottles and 77 sports drinks at $7 each, the total 7×23 + 7×77 can be factored as 7(23 + 77) = 7(100), making the calculation straightforward. The correct rewriting is 7(23+77), which shows equivalence by factoring out the common 7 and simplifies to 700 easily. A common error is choosing 7(23×77) which multiplies instead of adds (wrong operation), or (7+23)77 which adds 7 to 23 incorrectly, or 7×(23-77) which subtracts leading to negative. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in values: 7(23+77)=7(100)=700, 7×23 + 7×77=161+539=700✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).

Question 12

A video game has a 25% off sale. If the original price is ppp, the sale price is p−0.25pp-0.25pp−0.25p. Which rewrite shows the sale price as “multiply by the part that remains,” so it’s quicker to compute?

  1. 0.75p0.75p0.75p (correct answer)
  2. 1.25p1.25p1.25p
  3. p−25p-25p−25
  4. 0.25p0.25p0.25p

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, with a video game price p discounted by 25%, the sale price p - 0.25p can be factored as p(1 - 0.25) = 0.75p, showing it's equivalent to multiplying by the remaining 75% for quicker computation. The correct rewriting is 0.75p, which shows equivalence through factoring and highlights the utility of multiplying by the portion that remains after the discount. A common error is selecting 1.25p, which would be for a 25% increase instead of decrease (sign error), or 0.25p which is just the discount amount, forgetting the original minus that (should be 0.75p), or p-25 which subtracts a flat 25 instead of percentage. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if p=100, does 0.75(100)=100-0.25(100)? 75=75✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).

Question 13

A notebook costs 6.Astoreishavinga256. A store is having a 25% off sale. The sale price can be written as 6.Astoreishavinga256 - 0.25(6)$. Which equivalent expression shows the discount as “multiply by the part you pay” and makes it easier to calculate?

  1. 6(1.25)6(1.25)6(1.25)
  2. 6(0.25)6(0.25)6(0.25)
  3. 6(0.75)6(0.75)6(0.75) (correct answer)
  4. 6−256 - 256−25

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: notebook 6with256 with 25% off, calculate 6-0.25(6)=6-1.5=4.5, or rewrite: 6-0.25(6)=6(1-0.25)=6(0.75)=4.5 (factoring 6 shows multiply by 0.75); or shirt 6with2520 with 25% off: 20-0.25(20)=20(0.75)=15 (rewrite reveals multiply by 0.75 for 25% discount). The correct rewriting 6(0.75)showsequivalencebyfactoringoutthecommonfactor6toget6(1−0.25),simplifiestomultiplyingbytheportionpaid,andmakesmentalcalculationeasyas756(0.75) shows equivalence by factoring out the common factor 6 to get 6(1-0.25), simplifies to multiplying by the portion paid, and makes mental calculation easy as 75% of 6 is 4.5. Common errors include choosing 6(0.75)showsequivalencebyfactoringoutthecommonfactor6toget6(1−0.25),simplifiestomultiplyingbytheportionpaid,andmakesmentalcalculationeasyas756(1.25) for an increase instead of decrease, 6(0.25)whichisjustthediscount,or6(0.25) which is just the discount, or 6(0.25)whichisjustthediscount,or6 - 25$ which subtracts a flat 25 incorrectly ignoring percentage. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 14

To quickly compute 7×23+7×777\times 23 + 7\times 777×23+7×77, a student wants to factor using the distributive property. Which expression is an equivalent factored form that makes mental math easiest?

  1. (7+23)77(7+23)77(7+23)77
  2. 7(23)+777(23) + 777(23)+77
  3. 7(23−77)7(23-77)7(23−77)
  4. 7(23+77)7(23+77)7(23+77) (correct answer)

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: compute 5×12 + 5×18 as 5(12+18)=5(30)=150 (factoring 5 simplifies addition inside); or 7×23 + 7×77=7(23+77)=7(100)=700 (rewrite makes mental math easy by summing to 100 first). The correct rewriting 7(23+77) shows equivalence by factoring out the common 7 using distributive property, makes mental math easiest by adding 23+77=100 then 7×100=700, and reveals the shared factor. Common errors include (7+23)77 which factors incorrectly, 7(23)+77 which doesn't factor fully, or 7(23-77) which changes addition to subtraction. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 15

A runner’s time for a mile is ttt minutes. After training, their time decreases by 10%, so the new time is t−0.10tt - 0.10tt−0.10t. Which equivalent expression correctly represents the new time?

  1. t+0.10t + 0.10t+0.10
  2. 0.90t0.90t0.90t (correct answer)
  3. 0.10t0.10t0.10t
  4. 1.10t1.10t1.10t

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: time t with 10% decrease, calculate t-0.10t=t(1-0.10)=t(0.90) (combining shows multiply by 0.90); or speed 50 mph decreased by 10%: 50-0.10(50)=50(0.90)=45 (rewrite reveals new amount directly). The correct rewriting 0.90t0.90t0.90t shows equivalence by combining like terms t - 0.10t = 0.90t, correctly represents the decreased time, and simplifies to a single multiplication. Common errors include 1.10t1.10t1.10t confusing decrease with increase, 0.10t0.10t0.10t which is just the decrease, or t+0.10t + 0.10t+0.10 adding instead of subtracting. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 16

A school club buys 12 identical water bottles for a trip and 8 more for new members. Each bottle costs 3.503.503.50. The total cost is 3.5×12+3.5×83.5\times 12 + 3.5\times 83.5×12+3.5×8. Which rewrite makes the calculation easiest?

  1. 3.5(12−8)3.5(12-8)3.5(12−8)
  2. 3.5×(12×8)3.5\times (12\times 8)3.5×(12×8)
  3. 3.5(12+8)3.5(12+8)3.5(12+8) (correct answer)
  4. (3.5×12)×8(3.5\times 12)\times 8(3.5×12)×8

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: cost of 12 items at 3eachplus8at3 each plus 8 at 3eachplus8at3: 3×12 + 3×8=3(12+8)=3(20)=60 (factoring 3 simplifies); or 3.5×12 + 3.5×8=3.5(20)=70 (rewrite makes addition easy first). The correct rewriting 3.5(12+8) shows equivalence by factoring out 3.5 using distributive property, makes calculation easiest by adding 12+8=20 then 3.5×20=70, and is useful for mental math. Common errors include 3.5(12-8) changing to subtraction, (3.5×12)×8 which associates differently and complicates, or 3.5×(12×8) which multiplies counts first incorrectly for total cost. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 17

A video game has a score bonus that adds 5% more points to your current score sss. The new score is written as s+0.05ss + 0.05ss+0.05s. Which rewrite best shows the relationship as one multiplication?

  1. 5s5s5s
  2. 1.05s1.05s1.05s (correct answer)
  3. 0.05s0.05s0.05s
  4. s+5s + 5s+5

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: salary 25/hrwith525/hr with 5% raise, calculate 25+0.05(25)=25+1.25=26.25, or rewrite: 25+0.05(25)=25(1+0.05)=25(1.05)=26.25 (factoring 25 shows multiply by 1.05); or score 100 with 5% bonus: 100+0.05(100)=100(1.05)=105 (rewrite reveals multiply by 1.05 for 5% increase). The correct rewriting 25/hrwith51.05sshowsequivalencebyfactoringoutstocombinetermsass(1+0.05),revealstherelationshipasasinglemultiplicationforthetotalscoreafterbonus,andsimplifiescomputation.Commonerrorsincludeshows equivalence by factoring out s to combine terms as s(1+0.05), reveals the relationship as a single multiplication for the total score after bonus, and simplifies computation. Common errors includeshowsequivalencebyfactoringoutstocombinetermsass(1+0.05),revealstherelationshipasasinglemultiplicationforthetotalscoreafterbonus,andsimplifiescomputation.Commonerrorsinclude0.05sforgettingtheoriginalscore,forgetting the original score,forgettingtheoriginalscore,5smisinterpretingpercentasmultiplyingby5,ormisinterpreting percent as multiplying by 5, ormisinterpretingpercentasmultiplyingby5,ors + 5$ adding a flat 5 instead of 5%. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 18

A student buys 4 identical pens. If each pen costs ccc dollars, the total cost is written as c+c+c+cc + c + c + cc+c+c+c. Which rewrite best simplifies the expression and shows the relationship?

  1. 3c3c3c
  2. c4c^4c4
  3. c+4c + 4c+4
  4. 4c4c4c (correct answer)

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: total cost of 4 items at 2each:2+2+2+2=4×2=8(combiningliketermsshowsmultiplication);or4pensatc:c+c+c+c=4c(rewritesimplifiestocoefficienttimesvariable).Thecorrectrewriting2 each: 2+2+2+2=4×2=8 (combining like terms shows multiplication); or 4 pens at c: c+c+c+c=4c (rewrite simplifies to coefficient times variable). The correct rewriting 2each:2+2+2+2=4×2=8(combiningliketermsshowsmultiplication);or4pensatc:c+c+c+c=4c(rewritesimplifiestocoefficienttimesvariable).Thecorrectrewriting4cshowsequivalencebycombiningfourliketermsintomultiplication,simplifiestheexpression,andclearlyrevealstherelationshipas4timesthecostperpen.Commonerrorsincludeshows equivalence by combining four like terms into multiplication, simplifies the expression, and clearly reveals the relationship as 4 times the cost per pen. Common errors includeshowsequivalencebycombiningfourliketermsintomultiplication,simplifiestheexpression,andclearlyrevealstherelationshipas4timesthecostperpen.Commonerrorsincludec^4misusingexponents,misusing exponents,misusingexponents,c + 4addinginsteadofmultiplying,oradding instead of multiplying, oraddinginsteadofmultiplying,or3c$ undercounting the number of pens. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1a, =1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 19

A store marks up a \40boardgameby30board game by 30%. The new price can be written asboardgameby3040 + 0.30(40)$. Which equivalent expression shows the markup as one multiplication and is easiest to compute?

  1. 40+0.3040 + 0.3040+0.30
  2. 40(0.30)40(0.30)40(0.30)
  3. 40(1.30)40(1.30)40(1.30) (correct answer)
  4. 40(0.70)40(0.70)40(0.70)

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×777 \times 23 + 7 \times 777×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=7007(23+77) = 7(100) = 7007(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05aa + 0.05a = a(1 + 0.05) = 1.05aa+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08pp + 0.08p = 1.08pp+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+aca(b + c) = ab + aca(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). Example: item 252525 with 30% markup, calculate 25+0.3(25)=25+7.5=32.525 + 0.3(25) = 25 + 7.5 = 32.525+0.3(25)=25+7.5=32.5, or rewrite: 25+0.3(25)=25(1+0.3)=25(1.3)=32.525 + 0.3(25) = 25(1 + 0.3) = 25(1.3) = 32.525+0.3(25)=25(1+0.3)=25(1.3)=32.5 (factoring 25 shows multiply by 1.3); or 404040 with 30% markup: 40+0.3(40)=40(1.3)=5240 + 0.3(40) = 40(1.3) = 5240+0.3(40)=40(1.3)=52 (rewrite reveals multiply by 1.3 for 30% increase). The correct rewriting 40(1.30)40(1.30)40(1.30) shows equivalence by factoring out 40 to get 40(1+0.30)40(1 + 0.30)40(1+0.30), represents the markup as one multiplication, and is easiest to compute as 40×1.3=5240 \times 1.3 = 5240×1.3=52. Common errors include 40(0.30)40(0.30)40(0.30) which is just the markup amount, 40(0.70)40(0.70)40(0.70) confusing with discount, or 40+0.3040 + 0.3040+0.30 adding 30 cents instead of 30%. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in value: if a=10, does 1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)1.05(10) = 10 + 0.05(10)1.05(10)=10+0.05(10)? 10.5=10.5✓10.5 = 10.5\checkmark10.5=10.5✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r)(1 + r)(1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1−r)(1 - r)(1−r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80). Mistakes: forgetting original amount (a+0.1a≠0.1aa + 0.1a \neq 0.1aa+0.1a=0.1a, =1.1a= 1.1a=1.1a), sign errors (subtract distributing positive), incomplete operations (partial factoring/distributing).

Question 20

A science club’s supply amount increases by 20%. If the original amount is aaa, the new amount is a+0.2aa+0.2aa+0.2a. Which equivalent expression correctly shows this as a single multiplication and explains the relationship between adding 20% and multiplying?

  1. a(0.2)a(0.2)a(0.2)
  2. 2a2a2a
  3. 1.2a1.2a1.2a (correct answer)
  4. 0.8a0.8a0.8a

Explanation: Tests rewriting expressions in equivalent forms using properties of operations—factoring, expanding, combining—to simplify problems or reveal relationships. Rewriting purposes: (1) simplify calculation (7×23+7×77 as 7(23+77)=7(100)=700 easier mentally), (2) reveal relationship (a+0.05a=a(1+0.05)=1.05a shows "increase by 5%" means "multiply by 1.05"), (3) combine for clarity (p+0.08p=1.08p shows total with 8% tax). Apply distributive a(b+c)=ab+ac both directions: expanding (multiply out) or factoring (pull out common factor). For example, with a supply amount a increased by 20%, the new amount a + 0.2a can be factored as a(1 + 0.2) = 1.2a, explaining that adding 20% is equivalent to multiplying by 1.2. The correct rewriting is 1.2a, which shows equivalence by combining terms and reveals the multiplication relationship for percentage increase. A common error is choosing a(0.2) which is only the increase (forgetting original), or 0.8a which is for decrease, or 2a which doubles instead of adding 20%. Strategy: (1) identify operation needed (factor, expand, combine?), (2) apply properties (distributive for expand/factor, commutative/associative for rearranging, combining for like terms), (3) verify equivalence (plug in a=10: 1.2(10)=12, 10+0.2(10)=10+2=12✓), (4) assess usefulness (which form easier? reveals relationship?). Percent increase/decrease pattern: increase by r% means multiply by (1+r) as decimal (increase by 15% → ×1.15), decrease by r% means multiply by (1-r) (decrease by 20% → ×0.80).