Gathering Problem Information Practice Test

In the library, some 1st graders cannot reach the top shelf. Keisha and Carlos want to change this. They measure how high the shelf is with a tape measure, count how many students cannot reach, and write down where the hard books are (top shelf or middle shelf). They learn who is affected and where the problem happens. Which method helps them learn about the problem?

On the playground, kids want the swing line to feel fair. Sofia and Chen watch the swings at recess and count how many kids are waiting. They also ask who has trouble getting a turn and write it down. How are they gathering information about the problem?