While a small amount of fat digestion may occur in the mouth via the action of lingual lipase, the majority of lipid digestions begins in the duodenum. The presence of fat in the small intestine triggers release of pancreatic lipase, which enters the duodenum via the pancreatic duct. Fat digestion does not occur in the stomach.

While a small amount of fat digestion may occur in the mouth via the action of lingual lipase, the majority of lipid digestions begins in the duodenum. The presence of fat in the small intestine triggers release of pancreatic lipase, which enters the duodenum via the pancreatic duct. Fat digestion does not occur in the stomach.

The digestion of dietary carbohydrates is initiated by amylase, an enzyme present in saliva. This enzyme breaks down long carbohydrate molecules into shorter units such as disaccharides. Lipase breaks down fats and is not present in the saliva, rather it is secreted by the pancreas into the duodenum. Pepsin is a protease - an enzyme that breaks down proteins. This enzyme is secreted by the chief cells of the stomach in its zymogen form (pepsinogen). It is activated by the product of the parietal cells (hydrochloric acid). Note that amylase is also secreted by the pancreas to complete the chemical digestion of carbohydrates into monosaccharides so that they can be absorbed by the brush border of the small intestine.

The nutrients specifically required for thyroid hormone production are tyrosine, iodine, and selenium, in addition to zinc and several B vitamins. While magnesium, manganese, and methionine are all essential for metabolism and overall hormone production, they are not direct substrates or cofactors in the production of thyroid hormone.

The nutrients specifically required for thyroid hormone production are tyrosine, iodine, and selenium, in addition to zinc and several B vitamins. While magnesium, manganese, and methionine are all essential for metabolism and overall hormone production, they are not direct substrates or cofactors in the production of thyroid hormone.

The nutrients specifically required for thyroid hormone production are tyrosine, iodine, and selenium, in addition to zinc and several B vitamins. While magnesium, manganese, and methionine are all essential for metabolism and overall hormone production, they are not direct substrates or cofactors in the production of thyroid hormone.

While a small amount of fat digestion may occur in the mouth via the action of lingual lipase, the majority of lipid digestions begins in the duodenum. The presence of fat in the small intestine triggers release of pancreatic lipase, which enters the duodenum via the pancreatic duct. Fat digestion does not occur in the stomach.

The digestion of dietary carbohydrates is initiated by amylase, an enzyme present in saliva. This enzyme breaks down long carbohydrate molecules into shorter units such as disaccharides. Lipase breaks down fats and is not present in the saliva, rather it is secreted by the pancreas into the duodenum. Pepsin is a protease - an enzyme that breaks down proteins. This enzyme is secreted by the chief cells of the stomach in its zymogen form (pepsinogen). It is activated by the product of the parietal cells (hydrochloric acid). Note that amylase is also secreted by the pancreas to complete the chemical digestion of carbohydrates into monosaccharides so that they can be absorbed by the brush border of the small intestine.

The digestion of dietary carbohydrates is initiated by amylase, an enzyme present in saliva. This enzyme breaks down long carbohydrate molecules into shorter units such as disaccharides. Lipase breaks down fats and is not present in the saliva, rather it is secreted by the pancreas into the duodenum. Pepsin is a protease - an enzyme that breaks down proteins. This enzyme is secreted by the chief cells of the stomach in its zymogen form (pepsinogen). It is activated by the product of the parietal cells (hydrochloric acid). Note that amylase is also secreted by the pancreas to complete the chemical digestion of carbohydrates into monosaccharides so that they can be absorbed by the brush border of the small intestine.

Platelets are derived from megakaryocytes, cells produced in bone marrow, kidney, liver, and spleen, with large, lobed nuclei. Platelets are formed within the cell and then released into plasma. Erythrocytes (mature red blood cells), plasma cells (a type of B cell) and progranulocytes (precursors to neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils) take no part in the creation of platelets, which are fragments of cells, not whole cells.