- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: In this sample, higher visit frequency was associated with higher monthly harvests.
The data show a positive association between visit frequency and harvest amounts. A asserts causation not established; B reverses cause and effect; D overgeneralizes beyond this single garden and season.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: was limited for transparent idioms but pronounced for opaque ones.
B follows because the effect appeared only for opaque idioms and not for transparent ones. A is an overgeneralization, C reverses cause and effect, and D is a non sequitur.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: More people visited the library between 6 and 9 p.m. after the change than before it took effect.
The records track when people check in, and the evening stations logged about 600 extra visits per week during hours when the library used to be closed. That directly supports the conclusion that more people came between 6 and 9 p.m. after the change than before. The claim about circulation of materials rising per patron goes too far: counting visits tells you nothing about how many items each person borrowed. The claim that patrons stayed longer per visit is also unsupported—check-in counts measure arrivals, not how long anyone lingered. And predicting that other libraries will see comparable increases overreaches: the data describe only Hawthorn and cannot establish a general rule for every library. Only the statement about more evening visitors follows strictly from what the records measure.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: reduce operating expenses compared with diesel buses
Electric buses had lower power costs and similar maintenance, and operations exclude purchase price. The other choices assume effects not evidenced (ridership changes, instant capital payback, or increased energy costs).
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: merely adding trees without positioning them to shade buildings would not reduce afternoon electricity use in similar blocks.
The study matched blocks on tree quantity and other factors, so the only systematic difference was placement: trees shading west-facing buildings cut afternoon electricity use, while trees shading pavement did not. This supports the idea that just adding trees—without positioning them to shade buildings—would not lower afternoon electricity use in similar blocks. The claim that adding trees anywhere would reduce winter heating demand fails because the study measured only summer afternoon cooling and never addressed heating. The choice about lower electricity use prompting residents to plant trees reverses cause and effect—placement caused the electricity difference, not the other way around. The choice about residents preferring cooler, tree-lined sidewalks is off-topic; the passage measures electricity use, not walking preferences, and offers no evidence about what residents like.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the views of festival attendees in particular, rather than those of the town's population as a whole.
The passage stresses that most responses came from people at the Children's Book Festival, with few from the online link, and that a majority of respondents lived with a young child. Because the sample is concentrated among festival-goers, the results best describe that group, not the whole town—so the choice about festival attendees is correct. The choice predicting a voter majority overreaches: a voluntary, unweighted poll of 600 people cannot forecast an election outcome. The choice claiming support drew families to the festival reverses cause and effect; people came for the festival, and their being there shaped the sample. The choice saying public-event surveys can 'never' be reliable overgeneralizes from this single flawed poll to an absolute rule that the passage does not support. Only one option follows logically from how and where the poll was actually conducted.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the kiosks shifted routine return processing from staff to patrons without affecting borrowing volume
Because returns moved to kiosks, borrowing volume stayed the same, and staff desk time fell, the evidence supports a shift of routine processing from staff to patrons. The other options speculate about new patronage or future budgets (unsupported), or claim a borrowing decline that did not occur (non sequitur).
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: Extending the closing time past 6 p.m.
Calls occurred after 6 p.m. but not before 8 a.m., so extending evening hours is the only change that addresses unmet demand. Opening earlier is unnecessary, added staffing does not change hours, and cutting midday hours is a non sequitur.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the observed decreases are not fully explained by broad factors shared by the pricing and non-pricing cities
The matched non-pricing cities—alike in population, unemployment, fuel prices, and season—showed no comparable drop, so factors shared by both groups cannot by themselves account for the decline in the pricing cities. That points to the pricing policy as a distinguishing factor for the short-term decrease. The choice about permanent, universal persistence overreaches: the passage explicitly says the data cannot reveal long-term permanence, and it studies only ten cities. The choice claiming traffic would have fallen anyway is contradicted by the matched cities, which did not decline. The choice crediting a rise in transit use fails because none of the pricing cities expanded transit service, and a sensitivity check removing a transit strike left the pattern unchanged, so transit shifts are not what the data support.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: increased the corridor's capacity to move people during peak hours.
Person-throughput rising means the corridor moved more people, so capacity increased. B is unmeasured, C reverses cause and effect, and D overgeneralizes beyond the evidence.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: contributed to lower turnover among new hires
Random assignment and stable conditions isolate mentorship as the factor tied to the lower turnover. The other options introduce claims not measured (A, B) or unrelated preferences (C).
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: Most recipes in the sample did not specify exact oven temperatures.
A directly summarizes the study's findings (85% lacked exact temperatures) and thus necessarily follows. B reverses causation, C overgeneralizes to all cooks, and D is a non sequitur about difficulty not evaluated.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: we cannot infer a size increase from the Red Basin trackways without independent skeletal evidence.
C follows because track size is confounded by speed and substrate and no skeletons are available. A is an unsupported leap, B reverses cause and effect, and D overgeneralizes to all sites.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: tolerant of the high salinity conditions present
Given that only salt-tolerant species persist during dry months, any species that persisted must be salt-tolerant. Introduction, broad representativeness, and causation of salinity are unsupported or reverse cause-effect.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the promotion added many new transit trips while producing only a modest reduction in overall car use
The passage says roughly 60 percent of riders would have driven, but the rest would not have traveled at all, and highway volumes dropped only about 5 percent. That means much of the 80 percent ridership jump came from brand-new trips, with only a small share replacing car travel—exactly what the key states. The claim that the promotion sharply cut congestion by pulling a large majority of drivers off the highways overstates a 5 percent decline and ignores the many riders making entirely new trips. The claim about permanently converting drivers into regular commuters describes a long-term change the single weekend's data cannot support. The claim that comfort was the main draw introduces a cause the passage never measures or mentions—we know how many trips shifted, not why riders chose the train. Only the key matches both figures: substantial new travel and a modest drop in car use.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: drew more applicants from underrepresented groups while leaving average experience unchanged
The passage reports two specific results for the revised posting: applications from underrepresented groups rose 25 percent, and the average years of experience among applicants stayed the same across versions. The choice about drawing more underrepresented applicants while leaving average experience unchanged captures exactly these two facts, so it logically completes the sentence. Claiming the language raised salary and title contradicts the passage, which states that pay, title, and location were identical in both versions. Saying it expanded the number of interview slots misreads the text: interview capacity was fixed, and the same number of interviews was scheduled from each pool regardless of source. Asserting that every organization would obtain the same outcomes overgeneralizes from a single company's experiment, which cannot guarantee identical results elsewhere. Only one choice reflects what the study actually measured.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the availability of internet and printing
C follows because visits dropped when internet/printing were unavailable and surveys identified them as primary reasons for visiting. A and D are non sequiturs or unsupported, and B contradicts the evidence that longer hours had no effect.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: Many of the new Premium subscriptions came from people who had recently held active Basic accounts.
The logs report that 65% of June's new Premium subscribers held active Basic accounts right before upgrading, so it follows that many new Premium subscriptions came from recent Basic users. The claim that higher prices reliably raise total revenue overgeneralizes from one company during one stable period. The idea that the June upgrade surge prompted the price increase reverses the order of events—the price change came first, on June 1, and then upgrades rose. The suggestion to eliminate the Basic plan is a policy recommendation the passage never supports; the data explain what happened, not what the company should do next. Only the statement about where new Premium subscriptions came from is directly established by the account-level evidence.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: the wastewater plant was the only identified source of additional microplastics along that stretch of river.
The passage rules out other inputs between the two sites and confirms the plant's effluent carried microplastic fibers, so the plant is the only identified source of the extra microplastics along that stretch—the answer that names it fits directly. The choice about severe, measurable health effects fails because the researchers explicitly did not study health effects, so no such conclusion is supported. The choice claiming the fish caused the plant to raise its discharges reverses cause and effect: the plant releases microplastics that end up in fish, not the other way around. The choice stating that every river with a wastewater plant will have contaminated fish overgeneralizes from one river studied under specific dry-weather conditions to all rivers everywhere. Only the statement identifying the plant as the sole source follows from the evidence given.
- Which choice most logically completes the text?
Answer: adding the ankle bands to the vest let drivers register the cyclist from a greater distance.
The study reports that drivers signaled detection at 85 meters with the vest alone but at 120 meters once ankle bands were added, with all other conditions held constant. The best completion says that adding the ankle bands let drivers register the cyclist from a greater distance—exactly what the distances show. The choice guaranteeing that every driver would avoid collisions overreaches: detecting a cyclist sooner does not promise a crash is prevented. The choice claiming the bands made cyclists pedal more steadily reverses the logic, since the test measured driver detection, not rider behavior, and nothing links bands to pedaling. The choice that reflective clothing always beats headlamps overgeneralizes far beyond this setup, which never compared clothing to lights at all. Only the greater-distance statement stays within what the controlled comparison actually supports.
