Drug Names And Therapeutic Classes - NAPLEX
- What therapeutic class does metoprolol belong to?
- Beta-1 selective beta blocker. Selectively antagonizes beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart, reducing heart rate and contractility for cardiovascular conditions.
- What therapeutic class does sertraline belong to?
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Inhibits serotonin reuptake in synaptic clefts, increasing availability for mood regulation in depression and anxiety disorders.
- What therapeutic class does furosemide belong to?
- Loop diuretic. Potently inhibits Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle, leading to significant diuresis for edema and heart failure.
- What therapeutic class does dabigatran belong to?
- Direct thrombin inhibitor (DOAC). Directly inhibits thrombin (factor IIa), blocking fibrinogen conversion to fibrin for anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation.
- What therapeutic class does warfarin belong to?
- Vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant. Inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X) synthesis in the liver, requiring INR monitoring for anticoagulation.
- What therapeutic class does hydrochlorothiazide belong to?
- Thiazide diuretic. Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, promoting diuresis and used primarily for hypertension and edema.
- What therapeutic class does metformin belong to?
- Biguanide antihyperglycemic. Decreases hepatic glucose production and improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes without causing hypoglycemia.
- What therapeutic class does omeprazole belong to?
- Proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Irreversibly inhibits H+/K+ ATPase in parietal cells, suppressing gastric acid secretion for ulcer treatment and GERD.
- What therapeutic class does clopidogrel belong to?
- P2Y12 inhibitor antiplatelet. Irreversibly inhibits P2Y12 ADP receptors on platelets, preventing aggregation and used for thrombotic event prevention.
- What therapeutic class does spironolactone belong to?
- Aldosterone antagonist (potassium-sparing diuretic). Antagonizes mineralocorticoid receptors, promoting sodium excretion while sparing potassium in heart failure and hypertension.
- What therapeutic class does semaglutide belong to?
- GLP-1 receptor agonist. Mimics incretin hormone effects, enhancing insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon, and promoting weight loss in diabetes.
- What therapeutic class does famotidine belong to?
- Histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). Competitively blocks histamine at H2 receptors on parietal cells, reducing basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion.
- What therapeutic class does fluticasone (inhaled) belong to?
- Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). Suppresses airway inflammation by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cell migration in asthma management.
- What therapeutic class does levothyroxine belong to?
- Thyroid hormone (T4) replacement. Synthetic form of thyroxine that restores euthyroid state by converting to T3 and regulating metabolism in hypothyroidism.
- What therapeutic class does atorvastatin belong to?
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin). Inhibits the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, reducing LDL levels and cardiovascular risk.
- What therapeutic class does apixaban belong to?
- Direct factor Xa inhibitor (DOAC). Directly inhibits factor Xa, preventing thrombin generation and clot formation without needing routine monitoring.
- What therapeutic class does lisinopril belong to?
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Inhibits the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to II, reducing vasoconstriction and aldosterone release for hypertension management.
- What therapeutic class does nitroglycerin belong to?
- Nitrate antianginal (vasodilator). Releases nitric oxide, causing smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation to relieve angina by reducing cardiac preload.
- What therapeutic class does aspirin belong to when used for antiplatelet effect?
- Irreversible COX-1 inhibitor antiplatelet (salicylate NSAID). Acetylates and irreversibly inhibits platelet COX-1, reducing thromboxane A2 and preventing aggregation at low doses.
- What therapeutic class does amlodipine belong to?
- Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. Blocks L-type calcium channels primarily in vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation and blood pressure reduction.
- What therapeutic class does losartan belong to?
- Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Selectively blocks angiotensin II at AT1 receptors, preventing vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion without affecting bradykinin.
- What therapeutic class does insulin glargine belong to?
- Long-acting basal insulin. Provides steady insulin release mimicking endogenous basal secretion, used for glycemic control in diabetes with low hypoglycemia risk.
- What therapeutic class does ezetimibe belong to?
- Cholesterol absorption inhibitor. Selectively inhibits cholesterol absorption at the small intestine brush border, lowering LDL without affecting triglycerides much.
- What therapeutic class does albuterol belong to?
- Short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA). Activates beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, causing rapid bronchodilation for acute asthma relief.
- What therapeutic class does empagliflozin belong to?
- SGLT2 inhibitor. Inhibits sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 in kidneys, promoting glucosuria and improving glycemic control with cardiovascular benefits.