Acid–Base Equilibria (5A)
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QUESTION
In a buffer, what is
p
H
pH
p
H
when
[
A
−
]
=
[
HA
]
[\text{A}^-]=[\text{HA}]
[
A
−
]
=
[
HA
]
?
QUESTION
Which side is favored for
HA
+
B
−
⇌
A
−
+
HB
\text{HA}+\text{B}^-\rightleftharpoons \text{A}^-+\text{HB}
HA
+
B
−
⇌
A
−
+
HB
when
p
K
a
(
HB
)
>
p
K
a
(
HA
)
pK_a(\text{HB})>pK_a(\text{HA})
p
K
a
(
HB
)
>
p
K
a
(
HA
)
?
QUESTION
Identify the major species at
p
H
=
p
K
a
−
2
pH=pK_a-2
p
H
=
p
K
a
−
2
for a monoprotic acid system
HA
/
A
−
\text{HA}/\text{A}^-
HA
/
A
−
.
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ANSWER
HA
\text{HA}
HA
predominates. At pH = pKa - 2, [A-]/[HA] = 0.01, so the protonated form is major.
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