- Is the cashier's stated total correct? Choose the answer that best evaluates the total.
Answer: Yes, the total is correct; 二百八十 + 五百 + 千二百 = 千九百八十, which equals the cashier's stated amount of 千九百八十円.
When reading Japanese prices on receipts or in everyday contexts, you need to be comfortable parsing 漢数字 (kanji numerals) and performing mental arithmetic with them. This question tests both your ability to read numbers written in kanji and to verify a simple addition.
Let's break down each price: 二百八十 means 280, 五百 means 500, and 千二百 means 1,200. Adding these together:
280+500+1,200=1,980
In kanji, 1,980 is written 千九百八十, which matches exactly what the cashier stated — 千九百八十円. So C is correct.
Choice A claims the total is only valid if 五百 (500) is excluded, but that would give 280 + 1,200 = 1,480, which is 千四百八十 — nowhere near the cashier's total. This distractor invents a fabricated omission error.
Choice B suggests 千二百 should be read as "two thousand" in combination with other numbers, which is simply wrong. 千二百 always means 1,200 regardless of context — kanji numeral rules don't shift based on surrounding prices.
Choice D invents a fictional rule that 五百 becomes 四百 (400) in "receipt contexts," which has no basis in Japanese language or commerce. No such rounding convention exists.
A useful study tip: when practicing 漢数字, always map each kanji component to its place value (千=1,000, 百=100, 十=10) and add them linearly. If you can read each price individually, the arithmetic becomes straightforward and traps like B and D become easy to dismiss. - A Japanese sign at a museum reads: 入口 on one door and 出口 on another. A visitor who wants to exit the building should use which door, and what is the key kanji that signals the correct choice?
Answer: The visitor should use the 出口 door; the key kanji is 出, which means 'exit' or 'to go out,' making 出口 the exit door.
When reading Japanese signs, the key skill is breaking compound words into their individual kanji and knowing what each character means independently. Signs like 入口 and 出口 are made of two kanji each, and understanding them separately unlocks the meaning instantly.
The first kanji carries the directional meaning here. 出 (でる / deru) means "to go out" or "to exit," while 口 (くち / kuchi) means "mouth" or "opening" — think of it as a physical passageway. Together, 出口 literally means "exit opening," making it the correct door for someone leaving the building. Answer D is correct for exactly this reason: 出 is the key kanji signaling departure.
The wrong answers each contain a specific misconception worth understanding. Answer A misidentifies 入口 as the exit and incorrectly defines 出 as meaning "passage" — 出 specifically means outward movement, not neutral passage. Answer B correctly identifies 口 as "mouth/opening," but 口 is never used alone to indicate direction; it only describes the type of gap, not whether you're going in or out. Using 口 as your deciding kanji would leave you directionless. Answer C makes a particularly dangerous error by claiming 入 can mean both "enter" and "exit" depending on travel direction — 入 means "to enter" exclusively, full stop. 入口 is always the entrance.
A helpful memory trick: picture 出 as a figure stepping out of a box (its visual shape suggests something emerging), while 入 looks like an arrow pointing inward. Memorizing these two kanji as a pair will help you navigate any Japanese building confidently.
- A customer arrives at 十七時 on a 土曜日. Which of the following correctly describes whether the store is open or closed, and why?
Answer: The store is closed, because 十七時 on 土曜日 is past the closing time of 十六時 listed for Saturday on the sign.
When reading Japanese store signs, your first task is to identify which time category applies to the day in question — signs often list different hours for weekdays, Saturdays, and holidays separately, so matching the correct day to the correct hours is essential.
Here, the sign lists three distinct categories: 月〜金 (Monday through Friday) with hours 九時〜十八時, 土 (Saturday) with hours 十時〜十六時, and 日・祝 (Sundays and holidays) as 定休日 (regular closing days). A customer arriving at 十七時 on a 土曜日 (Saturday) must be evaluated against the Saturday hours only: 十時〜十六時. Since 十七時 (5:00 PM) comes after 十六時 (4:00 PM), the store is already closed. Answer B is correct.
Answer A is a classic mixing trap — it correctly identifies Saturday as a separate category but then assigns it the wrong closing time of 十八時, which belongs to the weekday schedule, not Saturday. Answer C makes an even bigger error by assuming Saturday follows the same schedule as weekdays entirely, ignoring that the sign explicitly gives 土 its own distinct hours. Answer D misreads the sign structure — 土 (Saturday) is listed on its own line with specific hours, while 定休日 applies only to 日・祝. Grouping Saturday with the closed days is a misreading of how the sign is organized.
When studying Japanese signs and schedules, always slow down and match the exact day to its exact listed category before evaluating times — signs deliberately separate categories to test careful reading.
- According to the schedule, which of the following correctly ranks the three departure times from earliest to latest?
Answer: 金曜日、月曜日、水曜日 — meaning Friday at 8:30, Monday at 9:00, Wednesday at 11:00
When reading Japanese schedules or timetables, you need two skills working together: recognizing the days of the week (曜日) and reading the times correctly. Here, the days are 月曜日 (Monday), 水曜日 (Wednesday), and 金曜日 (Friday) — a common set worth memorizing using the pattern 月・火・水・木・金・土・日 (Moon, Fire, Water, Wood, Gold, Earth, Sun).
The times are where careful reading matters most. 九時 means 9:00, 十一時 means 11:00, and 八時半 means 8:30 — because 半 (はん) means "half," so 八時半 is literally "8 o'clock and a half." Ranking these from earliest to latest gives you: 8:30 → 9:00 → 11:00, which corresponds to 金曜日 → 月曜日 → 水曜日. That makes A the correct answer.
Choice B lists 月曜日 (9:00) before 金曜日 (8:30), which reverses those two — a trap if you misread 八時半 as simply "8" and assume it comes after 九時 rather than before. Choice C presents the times in reverse order (latest to earliest), which would be the answer if the question asked for the opposite ranking. Choice D correctly identifies 金曜日 as earliest but then places 水曜日 (11:00) before 月曜日 (9:00), swapping the last two times.
As a study tip, always flag the word 半 immediately when you see it — it shifts a time by 30 minutes and is a frequent source of ordering errors on Japanese language exams.
- A Japanese price tag reads 三千五百円. A second item is marked 四千二百円. If a customer buys both items, what is the total cost in yen?
Answer: 7,700円 — arrived at by correctly reading 三千五百 as 3,500 and 四千二百 as 4,200 and summing them
When reading Japanese prices, you need to understand how the number system stacks place values using kanji. Each unit kanji (千 = thousands, 百 = hundreds) is preceded by a multiplier kanji, and you must read every component to get the full value — skipping any part gives you a wrong total.
Breaking down the two prices: 三千五百円 means 三 (3) × 千 (1,000) + 五 (5) × 百 (100), giving you 3,500円. Similarly, 四千二百円 means 四 (4) × 千 (1,000) + 二 (2) × 百 (100), giving you 4,200円. Adding them together: 3,500+4,200=7,700, confirming that C is correct.
Choice A (7,500円) makes a partial-reading error — it correctly sums the thousands and adds 五百 (500) from the first price, but carelessly drops the 二百 (200) from the second price. Choice B (7,000円) is even more incomplete, reading only the 千-components of both prices and ignoring the 百-components entirely, as if 五百 and 二百 were invisible. Choice D (8,200円) swaps 三 and 四 — misreading 三千五百 as 四千五百 (4,500) before adding 4,200, a classic kanji confusion mistake since 三 (three strokes) and 四 (four enclosed spaces) can look similar to beginners.
A useful strategy: always read Japanese numbers left to right, unit by unit, and mentally "collect" each component before adding. If you ever get a round number like 7,000 on a price question, that's a red flag — real prices almost always include smaller denominations. - A sign outside a Japanese shop reads: 火曜日・木曜日 定休日. A tourist arrives on the day written in Japanese as 水曜日. Which of the following best describes the situation?
Answer: The shop is open, because 水曜日 is Wednesday and is not listed among the closed days on the sign.
When reading Japanese signs, two key skills come into play: knowing the days of the week and understanding common shop vocabulary. 火曜日 (かようび) means Tuesday, 木曜日 (もくようび) means Thursday, and 水曜日 (すいようび) means Wednesday. The term 定休日 (ていきゅうび) means "regular closing day" — the scheduled day(s) a shop is closed each week. So the sign is announcing that the shop is closed every Tuesday and Thursday.
The tourist arrives on 水曜日, Wednesday, which is not listed on the sign. Since 定休日 only applies to the days explicitly named — 火曜日 and 木曜日 — Wednesday is a normal business day and the shop would be open. That makes B the correct answer.
A is wrong because it claims 水曜日 is listed on the sign, which it isn't. This is a straightforward reading error, so double-check each kanji carefully — 水 (water), 木 (tree), and 火 (fire) can look similar under pressure. C inverts the logic entirely: 定休日 specifies which days are closed, not which days are open. It does not mean "closed on all days except these two." D is wrong because 定休日 refers to a shop's regular weekly schedule, not to national holidays (祝日, しゅくじつ), which is an entirely different concept.
A useful tip: memorize the kanji for all seven days by their element — 月(moon), 火(fire), 水(water), 木(tree), 金(gold), 土(earth), 日(sun). Recognizing these instantly will help you avoid mix-ups on reading comprehension questions like this one.
- A student reads this calendar entry and says, 'The party is on the twenty-fourth day of the twelfth month.' Which of the following correctly evaluates the student's reading?
Answer: The student is correct; 十二月 means the twelfth month (December) and 二十四日 means the twenty-fourth day, so the party is on December 24th.
When reading Japanese dates, you need to understand how kanji numbers combine to form larger values. Japanese uses a positional number system where 十 (10) acts as a multiplier or base, and surrounding digits modify it — just like how "twenty-four" in English means 2×10 + 4.
With that framework in mind, answer A is correct. 十二月 breaks down as 十 (10) + 二 (2) = 12, making it the twelfth month, December. Similarly, 二十四日 reads as 二 (2) × 十 (10) + 四 (4) = 24, the twenty-fourth day. The student's reading is entirely accurate — the party is on December 24th.
Answer B reflects a fundamental misunderstanding of how kanji numbers combine. 十二 is not two separate words (十 = October, 二月 = February); it is a single compound number meaning 12. You cannot split kanji numerals arbitrarily and assign independent meanings to each part.
Answer C invents a false "reverse addition" rule that does not exist in Japanese. Kanji numbers follow a consistent left-to-right logic: tens place first, then units. 二十四 always means 24, never 42.
Answer D fabricates a grammar rule about 四 being "silent" in date expressions. No such rule exists. 四 is always read and always contributes its value of 4 to the number.
Study tip: Memorize the pattern for Japanese numbers up to 31 (for dates) by practicing the formula: (tens digit)十(units digit). Recognizing this pattern instantly will help you read any date on the exam confidently.
- A Japanese elevator panel has buttons labeled 一, 二, 三, 四, 五, 六, 七, 八, 九, 十, and 地下一階. A visitor wants to go to the floor that is three floors above 七. Which button should the visitor press?
Answer: 十 — the kanji for ten, which represents the floor that is three levels above the seventh floor
When reading a Japanese elevator panel, you're working with Sino-Japanese numerals (漢数字). Each kanji represents a number: 一(1), 二(2), 三(3), 四(4), 五(5), 六(6), 七(7), 八(8), 九(9), 十(10). The key skill here is simple arithmetic combined with kanji recognition.
Starting at floor 七 (7) and moving three floors up means: 7+3=10. The kanji for 10 is 十, so the correct button is A) 十. Notice how 十 is formed — it looks like a cross (+), which some students use as a memory aid connecting it visually to the concept of "adding up" to ten.
Choice B) 九 represents 9, which is only 7+2=9 — two floors above seven, not three. This is a classic off-by-one error in the opposite direction. Choice C) 八 represents 8, just one floor above seven (7+1=8). This trap catches students who mistakenly count 七 itself as the first step upward — remember, you start from seven, so it doesn't count in your three steps. Choice D) 地下一階 literally means "underground floor one" (地下 = underground/basement, 一階 = first floor), so pressing this would take you to the basement — the opposite direction entirely. This distractor targets students who misread unfamiliar compound words as high numbers.
As a study tip: always parse compound floor labels character by character. 地下 is your signal for below ground, so any button containing 地下 goes down, not up. - A person can only attend on 木曜日 and wants to arrive exactly halfway through the operating hours. At what time should the person arrive?
Answer: 十五時 — calculated by finding the midpoint between 十時 (10:00) and 二十時 (20:00), which is 15:00
When reading Japanese event flyers, two skills are being tested simultaneously: correctly interpreting 24-hour time notation and performing a midpoint calculation.
The flyer states the event runs from 十時 (10:00) to 二十時 (20:00). To find the midpoint of any time window, you add the start and end times and divide by two:
210+20=15
So the person should arrive at 十五時 (15:00), making D the correct answer.
A falls into a classic trap with 二十時. If you misread 二十 as simply 二, you'd think the event ends at 2:00, giving a four-hour window and a very different (and wrong) midpoint. Always remember: 二十 means "twenty" (2×10), not "two."
B correctly identifies the total duration as ten hours (20 − 10 = 10), but then adds that full ten hours back onto 十時, arriving at 二十時 — which is just the closing time, not the halfway point. Finding duration and finding the midpoint are two different operations.
C halves 二十時 as a raw number (20 ÷ 2 = 10) and then misapplies that result as an offset from 十時, landing at 二十時 again or producing another incorrect value. The midpoint formula requires averaging start and end, not halving the end time alone.
A useful habit: whenever you see 二十時 on a Japanese flyer or schedule, immediately read it as "20:00 (8 PM)" before doing any calculations — misreading this single kanji compound is the source of most errors on questions like this.
