- この実験で、赤い液体を加えた後、次に何をしなければなりませんか。
Answer: 液体をよく混ぜて、色が変わるのを待って、結果をノートに書く
When listening to a sequence of instructions in Japanese, your job is to track the order of steps carefully — especially what comes immediately after a specific action. The question asks what must happen after adding the red liquid (赤い液体を加えた後).
Looking at the passage, the teacher says: 「よく混ぜてから、色が変わるのを待ってください。色が変わったら、結果をノートに書いてください。」This gives you three clear steps in order: (1) mix well → (2) wait for the color to change → (3) write the results in your notebook. That sequence makes B the correct answer.
Here's why the other options fail. A is wrong because it puts writing results before waiting for the color change — the opposite of what the teacher instructs. You must observe the change first, then record it. C is wrong for two reasons: the teacher explicitly says not to remove the gloves until the experiment is over (「手袋は実験が終わるまで外さないでください」), and removing gloves isn't a step that comes after adding the red liquid at all. D is wrong because it says to write results immediately after mixing, skipping the waiting step entirely, and then removes the gloves after the color changes — which contradicts the instruction to keep gloves on until the experiment ends.
As a study tip, when a passage uses time-sequence expressions like 〜てから ("after doing~") and 〜たら ("when/if~"), underline or mentally flag them. These connectors signal the required order of actions and are almost always what the question is testing.
- 先生の指示によると、字を書く直前にしなければならないことは何ですか。
Answer: 墨を硯に入れて、筆を墨につけて、紙の下に新聞紙を引く
This question tests your ability to follow a sequence of instructions in Japanese and identify what must happen immediately before a specific action — in this case, writing the characters (字を書く直前).
Read the teacher's instructions in order: ①片付ける → ②白い紙を置く → ③墨を硯に入れる・筆を墨につける → ④紙の下に新聞紙を引く → ⑤字を書く → ⑥筆を水で洗う → ⑦紙を動かさない. The key phrase is 「字を書く前に」, which signals that placing the newspaper (新聞紙を引く) happens just before writing. Working backward from that moment, the steps immediately leading up to writing are: putting ink in the inkstone (墨を硯に入れる), dipping the brush (筆を墨につける), and laying newspaper under the paper (紙の下に新聞紙を引く). That is exactly what D describes, making it the correct answer.
A is wrong because it describes the very first preparation steps (clearing the desk, placing paper, adding ink) — these happen earlier, not directly before writing. B is wrong because it invents an incorrect order: the white paper should go down before the newspaper, not on top of it — and mixing up this spatial detail is a classic distractor trap. C is wrong because washing the brush (筆を水で洗う) happens after writing, not before.
As a strategy, when you see 「〜直前」or「〜前に」in a sequence question, underline each temporal marker in the passage (まず、次に、それから、〜前に、〜たら) to map the order clearly before evaluating the choices.
- このスープを正しく作るとき、塩を入れるのはいつですか。
Answer: 野菜を入れてから十五分後、火を消す前
When reading a Japanese recipe or set of instructions, pay close attention to sequence markers — words like それから (then), ～たら (when/after), ～てから (after doing), and ～前に (before). These connectors tell you the exact order of steps, and this question tests whether you can track that order precisely.
Let's trace the steps in the passage: first, cut the vegetables → put water in the pot → turn on the heat → when the water is hot, add the vegetables → wait fifteen minutes, then add a little salt → before turning off the heat, check the taste. The salt (塩) comes in after the vegetables have been cooking for fifteen minutes (十五分待ってから、塩を少し入れてください). That timing matches answer B exactly — the salt goes in fifteen minutes after the vegetables, and before turning off the heat.
A is wrong because it claims the salt is added when the water gets hot, before the vegetables go in — that's actually the cue for adding the vegetables, not the salt. C is incorrect because it places the salt immediately after putting water in the pot, before even turning on the heat — a step that doesn't exist in the recipe. D confuses the very first step (cutting vegetables) with a later one, placing the salt before any water is even involved.
As a study tip, when answering sequence questions, quickly number each step in the passage as you read. The distractors are designed to swap the correct action with the correct timing cue, so mapping steps visually helps you avoid those traps.
- 新しい住人が鍵を受け取るために必要な条件はどれですか。
Answer: 引っ越しの三日前に申請書を書いて身分証明書のコピーを出し、前日に管理室で申請書の番号を言って鍵を受け取ること
この問題は、手順の順序と条件を正確に読み取る力を試しています。日本語の説明文では、「〜てください」や「〜た後」などの表現が手順の順番を示すので、注意深く読むことが大切です。
管理人の説明を整理すると、手順は次のとおりです。①引っ越しの三日前に申請書を書く、②申請書を書いた後、身分証明書のコピーを出す、③引っ越しの前日に管理室で申請書の番号を言って鍵を受け取る。この流れと完全に一致するのがAです。三日前にすべきこと（申請書記入＋身分証コピー提出）と、前日にすべきこと（番号を言って鍵を受け取る）が正しく分けられています。
Bは誤りです。申請書を書くのは「三日前」と指定されているのに、Bでは「前日」に書くとしており、タイミングが間違っています。Cも誤りです。「前日に身分証明書のコピーを持参する」と書かれていますが、身分証のコピーは三日前に申請書を書いた後に出すものです。また、「部屋の窓とドアを確認してから番号を言う」という順序も正しくありません。Dは誤りです。「身分証明書のコピーを先に出す」とありますが、本文では申請書を書いた後にコピーを出すと明記されており、順序が逆です。
学習のコツ：手順を説明する文章では、「〜の前に」「〜た後」「〜てから」などの時間・順序を示す表現に下線を引く習慣をつけましょう。選択肢の違いはしばしば「順序のずれ」にあります。
- 転居手続きについて正しく述べているものはどれですか。
Answer: 新しい市役所で転入届を書いた後に証明書を提出し、住民票は当日に受け取れるが、マイナンバーカードの更新には追加手続きが必要である
This question tests your ability to read a procedural notice carefully and identify which answer accurately reflects all the steps described — without adding, removing, or distorting any information.
The passage outlines a clear sequence: (1) get a 転出証明書 from your old city hall, (2) bring that certificate plus a 身分証明書 to your new city hall, (3) write the 転入届 at the window, (4) then submit the certificates, and (5) receive your 住民票 the same day — though updating your マイナンバーカード requires a separate process. Choice C mirrors this sequence exactly, correctly stating that you submit the documents after writing the 転入届, that you can receive your 住民票 the same day, and that the マイナンバーカード update is a separate matter. That makes C the correct answer.
Choice A is a trap — it reverses the order. The passage clearly says to write the 転入届 first, then submit the certificates. A says you must submit before writing, which contradicts the text.
Choice B invents a requirement that doesn't exist. The passage says to complete the process within 14 days of moving — it never says everything must happen on moving day (引っ越し当日). This is a common distractor that adds urgency not found in the source.
Choice D contains false information. The passage explicitly states the 転出証明書 comes from your old city hall (以前住んでいた市役所), not the new one.
When reading procedural texts on Japanese exams, map out the sequence and source of each action. Wrong answers typically flip the order, invent deadlines, or change where something happens.
- 田中さんの指示によると、参加者全員にメールを転送する前に何をしなければなりませんか。
Answer: 会議室を予約して、田中さんに会議室の番号と時間を書いたメールを送る
When a question asks what must happen before a specific action, you need to trace the sequence of instructions carefully. In this passage, Tanaka-san gives a clear step-by-step list: (1) reserve the meeting room, (2) send Tanaka-san an email with the room number and time, and (3) forward that email to all participants. The question asks what must be completed before forwarding to everyone.
Following this logic, the correct answer is A. Before forwarding the email to all participants, you must first reserve the meeting room, then send Tanaka-san an email containing the room number and time. These two steps must occur in sequence before the forwarding step — the passage uses 「予約したら」("once you've reserved it") and 「それから」("after that") to signal this order explicitly.
B is wrong because it includes receiving materials from Tanaka-san as a prerequisite step. The passage says Tanaka-san will send materials one hour before the meeting — this happens much later and is not your responsibility. C is wrong because the passage never instructs you to call participants directly; communication happens via email. D is wrong because it reverses the logic — you send the email after reserving the room, not before confirming the number separately — and again incorrectly includes receiving materials as a prior step.
A useful strategy: watch for sequence markers like 「たら」, 「それから」, and 「前に」. These words signal the order of actions, which is exactly what this type of listening comprehension question tests.
- 初めての患者が診察を受けるために、問診票を受付に返す前に何をしなければなりませんか。
Answer: 診察券を作って窓口に持っていき、問診票に記入して、保険証を受付に見せる
この問題は、病院の受付案内に書かれた手順の順番を正確に読み取る力を試しています。「〜前に」「〜たら」「〜てから」といった時間や順序を表す表現に注目することが大切です。
案内文の手順を整理すると、①入口の機械で診察券を作る→②窓口に持っていく→③問診票をもらって記入する→④保険証を受付に見せる→⑤問診票を返す→⑥待合室で待つ、という流れになります。特に重要なのは「保険証は問診票を返す前に受付に見せてください」という一文です。つまり、問診票を返すより前に保険証を見せる必要があります。
選択肢Dは「診察券を作って窓口に持っていき、問診票に記入して、保険証を受付に見せる」と述べており、この順序が本文と一致するため、正解はDです。
選択肢Aは「保険証を最初に見せる」と述べていますが、保険証を見せるのは診察券を作った後です。順番が誤っています。選択肢Bも「診察券を作ってから保険証を窓口で先に見せる」としており、問診票をもらう前に保険証を見せる点が誤りです。選択肢Cは「待合室で待ってから問診票に記入する」としており、順番が逆になっています。
学習のコツ：手順を説明する文章では、「〜前に」「〜てから」「〜たら」などの接続表現が順番のカギになります。読むときはこれらの表現に印をつける習慣をつけましょう。
- 先生の指示によると、今夜やらなければならないことの正しい順番はどれですか。
Answer: 三章と四章を読む → 大切なことばをノートに書く → 練習問題をやる
When a question asks you to identify the correct order of instructions, your job is to track the sequence words and grammatical connectors in the passage — not just what needs to be done, but when.
In the teacher's speech, the instructions unfold in a clear order. First, she says 「三章と四章を読んでください」 (read chapters 3 and 4). Then, using 「読んだら」 ("once you've read"), she connects the next step: 「大切なことばをノートに書いてください」 (write important words in your notebook). The phrase 読んだら signals that writing must come after reading is complete. Finally, 「ことばを書いた後で」 ("after writing the words") introduces the last step: 「練習問題をやってください」 (do the practice problems). This gives us the sequence: read → write vocabulary → do practice problems, which is answer C.
As for the wrong answers: A places the practice problems first, which completely reverses the intended order — the problems are explicitly described as the last step. B skips the vocabulary-writing step and jumps directly to practice problems after reading, ignoring the 「読んだら」→ 「書いた後で」 chain entirely. D starts with writing vocabulary before reading, which contradicts 「読んだら」 — you can't write what you haven't read yet.
A useful strategy: when scanning for sequence in Japanese listening or reading passages, zero in on time-order connectors like 〜たら、〜た後で、〜てから、まず、次に. These words are the skeleton of any ordered instruction set and will almost always map directly to the correct answer.
- イベントに参加するために、お客さんはどの順番で行動しなければなりませんか。
Answer: 受付で名前を書く → 青いカードをもらう → 三階に上がる → ドアでカードを見せる
When a question asks you about the 順番 (order of actions), your job is to carefully track the sequence words in the passage — words like まず (first), 次に (next), そして (then), and finally any concluding steps.
In the announcement, the steps are laid out clearly: まず、一階の受付で名前を書いてください → 次に、青いカードをもらってください → そのカードを持って三階に上がってください → 三階のドアの前でカードを見せる。This maps perfectly to answer B: 受付で名前を書く → 青いカードをもらう → 三階に上がる → ドアでカードを見せる. The logic also makes practical sense — you need the card before you go upstairs, because you show it at the door on the third floor.
A is wrong because it places 三階に上がる first, before even registering at the front desk — the opposite of what the announcement says. C is a common trap: it keeps the first step correct (受付で名前を書く) but then sends you upstairs before receiving the blue card, reversing steps 2 and 3. The card is obtained at the reception desk, not on the third floor. D is wrong because it starts with もらう (receiving the card) before you've even written your name — skipping the registration step entirely.
When tackling sequence questions, underline or mentally note every order-indicating word (まず、次に、そして、〜てから) as you read. These signal words are your roadmap and will almost always lead you directly to the correct answer.
- 図書館で本を借りるとき、カウンターに行く前に何をしなければなりませんか。
Answer: 入口で学生証を見せて、二階に上がって、棚から本を取る
This question tests your ability to follow sequential instructions in Japanese and identify what happens before a specific step. The key phrase is「カウンターに行く前に」— "before going to the counter." You need to identify every step that occurs prior to reaching the counter.
Looking at the passage, the teacher lists the steps in order: ①入口で学生証を見せる → ②二階に上がる → ③棚から本を取る → ④カウンターに持っていって名前を書く → ⑤席に座る. Since the counter visit is step ④, everything before it consists of steps ①, ②, and ③ — showing your student ID at the entrance, going up to the second floor, and taking a book from the shelf. That matches A exactly.
B is a trap because it includes「名前を書く」(writing your name), which actually happens at the counter — not before it. C incorrectly includes「名前を書く」and「席に座る」, both of which occur at or after the counter step, making it out of order entirely. D is wrong on two counts: it places「二階に上がる」*after* taking the book from the shelf, reversing the correct order, and it falsely adds「本に名前を書く」— the teacher specifically says not to write in the book before signing at the counter.
A useful strategy: when a question asks what happens「〜の前に」(before) or「〜の後で」(after), quickly number each instruction in the passage first, then use that sequence to eliminate answers that include steps from the wrong side of the timeline.
