Practice Test 96 - High School Biology

20 questions. Answer them in any order, then submit to see your score and every explanation.

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1. A potato plant makes extra glucose during the day and links many glucose molecules together to form starch stored in its tubers. In winter, when there is little light, the plant breaks starch back into glucose. How does synthesizing starch connect to the plant's survival?
2. In a simplified model of tissue repair, an adult stem cell divides and produces two daughter cells. Which outcome best maintains the ability to repair the tissue again in the future while also replacing lost cells now?
3. In a population of mice, fur thickness is controlled by alleles $F$ and $f$. In a colder climate, survival probabilities are: $FF$ = 55%, $Ff$ = 50%, $ff$ = 45%. Compared with a situation where survival is equal for all genotypes, what best describes the expected change in allele frequencies over time?
4. A student draws a concept map for what happens when someone holds their breath underwater for as long as they can. They want to show which systems interact and what changes at the organism level (e.g., urge to breathe). Which model best represents the main integration involved?
5. Which option describes asexual reproduction correctly?
6. Why is photosynthesis considered an energy conversion process in ecosystems?
7. A student claims: "Once a cell differentiates, it usually stays that type." Which example best supports this idea of stable specialization?
8. In a certain bird species, green feathers (G) are dominant over yellow feathers (g). Two heterozygous birds are crossed: $Gg \times Gg$. What is the expected genotype ratio of offspring ($GG : Gg : gg$)?
9. Which pair of stages best matches the descriptions? (1) Chromosomes reach opposite poles and new nuclei form. (2) The cell membrane pinches and two daughter cells separate.​
10. A gene segment originally reads (coding DNA): ATG-CTT-GAA. A mutation causes an insertion of one base after the first three bases: ATGC-CTT-GAA (extra C added after ATG). Which outcome is most likely for the protein sequence after the insertion point?
11. A bird population was tracked for the frequency of an allele (S) associated with smaller body size. Winters varied in severity. Year → winter severity → S allele frequency: - 2001: mild → 0.62 - 2003: mild → 0.60 - 2005: harsh → 0.48 - 2007: harsh → 0.46 - 2009: mild → 0.58 - 2011: mild → 0.61 Which interpretation best matches the pattern?
12. In a garden, two plant species (Species X and Species Y) grow in the same area. When both are present at high numbers, many seedlings of both species die, and the surviving plants are smaller. Gardeners notice that the soil dries quickly and mineral nutrients become depleted as the plants grow. Which explanation best describes why neither plant population grows indefinitely in that shared space?
13. A Himalayan rabbit has a genotype for temperature-sensitive fur color. When the rabbit is kept in a cold environment, the fur on cooler body parts (ears, nose, feet) grows in dark. When the same rabbit is kept in a warm environment, much more of its fur grows in white. Which statement best explains this observation?
14. A student claims that photosynthesis and cellular respiration happen in the same cell locations because they both involve energy. Which option correctly compares their main locations in plant cells?
15. A cell is forming a short chain from three glucose molecules using dehydration synthesis. Which outcome best matches what happens overall during this process?
16. A simplified ecosystem includes: phytoplankton (photosynthetic), krill (eat phytoplankton), penguins (eat krill), and leopard seals (eat penguins). Dead organisms are broken down by bacteria and fungi. Which option correctly describes the direction of energy flow and the role of decomposers?
17. Claim: A rabbit population on an island evolved thicker fur after several unusually cold winters. Evidence to evaluate: 1) Average fur thickness measured in the population was 12 mm in 2010 and 12 mm again in 2020. 2) In 2020, rabbits show a wide range of fur thickness (6–20 mm). 3) A tagging study found that during cold winters, rabbits with thicker fur were more likely to survive and reproduce. 4) A lab test shows individual rabbits can temporarily fluff their fur and appear thicker during cold exposure, but this change goes away when temperatures rise. Which choice best evaluates the evidence for the claim?
18. After eating a meal, a person's blood glucose level rises above its normal range. The body detects this increase and triggers responses that lower glucose back toward the normal range. Which statement best describes the role of feedback in this process?
19. A diagram model includes boxes labeled: Sun, Light energy, Chlorophyll (chloroplast), Photosynthesis, Glucose (stored chemical energy), Cellular respiration (ATP). Which sequence correctly traces the energy pathway from source to stored form?
20. Which statement best describes the role of ATP in cells after it is produced during cellular respiration?

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