Practice Test 33 - High School Biology

19 of the 20 questions below are in this test; the other one can't be scored yet. Answer them in any order, then submit to see your score and every explanation.

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1. A student is building a concept map for "running a mile." They must include exactly three systems and show material flow with labeled arrows. Which set of systems is most appropriate and sufficient for the model?
2. A student cuts their finger while cooking. Over the next day, the area becomes red and swollen as the body fights germs. Which model best shows how systems interact to help defend the injured area?
3. A park manages a population of foxes. The park can supply enough prey for 80 foxes, enough den sites for 120 foxes, and enough water for 200 foxes. Assuming the most limiting resource determines carrying capacity, what is the carrying capacity (K) for foxes in this park?
4. Cellular respiration is often described as the opposite of photosynthesis. If photosynthesis can be summarized as $\mathrm{6CO_2 + 6H_2O + light \rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2}$, which set lists the substances that are products of photosynthesis and also reactants of cellular respiration?
5. A population of moths has heritable color variation: some are light-colored and some are dark-colored. After factories release soot that darkens tree bark, birds more easily spot and eat the light-colored moths. Over many generations, the moth population becomes mostly dark-colored. Which statement best identifies the key components of natural selection in this scenario?
6. A person's body must keep blood glucose levels within a safe range. The hormone insulin (a protein) helps regulate blood glucose. How does protein synthesis relate to this regulatory function?
7. Use the table (10% rule) to determine the missing energy value for secondary consumers.
8. A biologist measured hind-leg length (in mm) in 30 grasshoppers from the same population and summarized the results below. Hind-leg length (mm) → Number of grasshoppers - 18–19 → 1 - 20–21 → 3 - 22–23 → 6 - 24–25 → 8 - 26–27 → 7 - 28–29 → 4 - 30–31 → 1 Which statement best describes the pattern of variation shown by this population?
9. A factory releases sulfur and nitrogen compounds into the air. Downwind, rainfall becomes more acidic, and a nearby lake shows a decline in sensitive aquatic insects and fish. Which cause-effect relationship best explains these observations?
10. Why is cellular respiration considered an energy-releasing (exergonic) process?
11. Chromosome number is generally constant for a species. Which statement best reflects this idea using humans as the example?
12. In a healthy person, blood glucose is regulated by two opposing hormones: - If glucose rises above normal, the pancreas releases insulin, which lowers blood glucose. - If glucose falls below normal, the pancreas releases glucagon, which raises blood glucose. How do these two negative feedback responses work together to maintain internal stability?
13. In a sample of 30 people, blood type frequencies were: O: 14, A: 10, B: 4, AB: 2 Which statement best describes the variation for blood type?
14. A cell has two groups of chromosomes at opposite ends. New nuclear envelopes are forming around each group, and the chromosomes are starting to uncoil and become less visible. Which stage is this?​
15. A researcher measured tail length (cm) in a mouse population and calculated a mean of 9.5 cm. The shortest tail was 7.0 cm and the longest was 12.0 cm. Which statement is supported by these data?
16. A single genotype for plant height can produce a range of heights depending on nutrient levels (low nutrients → shorter plants; high nutrients → taller plants). This range of possible phenotypes produced by one genotype across environments is best described as the plant's:
17. A scientist labels cells in a healing skin wound and notices that some labeled cells keep dividing over time, while others stop dividing and become part of the new outer skin layer. Which interpretation best matches this observation?
18. A bird species feeds on seeds. In Habitat M, there are many plant species that produce seeds at different times of year. In Habitat N, one main plant species produces most of the seeds, and it has a short seed-producing season. Over several years, the bird population in M stays relatively steady, while in N it rises sharply during the seed season and drops sharply afterward. How does biodiversity most likely influence these population fluctuations?
19. A tropical rainforest area is cleared and burned to create cattle pasture. In the years after clearing, fewer bird and insect species are found, and heavy rains wash soil into nearby rivers. Which set of impacts is most directly linked to this land-use change?
20. Which comparison correctly matches each process with its main cellular location and energy transformation? Photosynthesis: $6CO_2 + 6H_2O +$ light $\rightarrow C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2$ Cellular respiration: $C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O +$ ATP

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