- Harmony Community Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, received the following contributions during 2024:
- $50,000 cash contribution with no restrictions
- $75,000 pledge payable in 2025, restricted for building improvements
- $25,000 contribution restricted for a specific program, with funds to be used in 2025
- $40,000 contribution of securities, donor specified funds must be held permanently with only investment income spendable
- $15,000 conditional pledge dependent on the foundation raising matching funds by December 31, 2025
What amount should Harmony report as contributions with donor restrictions in its 2024 statement of activities?
Answer: $140,000
Contributions with donor restrictions include: $75,000 (building restriction) + $25,000 (program restriction) + $40,000 (permanent restriction) = $140,000. The $50,000 unrestricted contribution is reported as contributions without donor restrictions. The $15,000 conditional pledge is not recognized because the condition has not been met (matching funds not yet raised). Choice B incorrectly includes the conditional pledge ($140,000 + $15,000). Choice C incorrectly includes the unrestricted contribution as restricted ($140,000 + $50,000 - $15,000 + error). Choice D includes both the unrestricted contribution and conditional pledge ($140,000 + $50,000 + $15,000).
- What is the total amount that should be reported as revenues in the governmental funds statement of revenues, expenditures, and changes in fund balances?
Answer: $12,800,000
Governmental funds include the General Fund, Capital Projects Fund, and Debt Service Fund (but not the Enterprise Fund, which is proprietary). Revenues include: General Fund - Property tax $8,500,000 + Sales tax $2,300,000; Capital Projects Fund - Federal grant $1,200,000; Debt Service Fund - Property tax $800,000. Total = $8,500,000 + $2,300,000 + $1,200,000 + $800,000 = $12,800,000. Bond proceeds are reported as other financing sources, not revenues. Choice B incorrectly includes Enterprise Fund revenues. Choice C incorrectly includes bond proceeds as revenues. Choice D includes both Enterprise Fund revenues and bond proceeds as revenues.
- A not-for-profit entity, Community Arts Foundation, is preparing its statement of financial position (classified) and statement of activities for the year ended December 31, Year 1. The trial balance includes: Cash $220,000; Pledges receivable—due in 9 months $90,000; Pledges receivable—due in 3 years $150,000; Allowance for uncollectible pledges (credit) $12,000; Prepaid expenses $8,000; Property and equipment, net $600,000; Accounts payable $55,000; Deferred revenue $25,000; Net assets without donor restrictions $700,000; Net assets with donor restrictions $276,000. Additional fact: $150,000 of the long-term pledges are donor-restricted for a future period (time restriction only). What is the correct classification of the Pledges receivable—due in 3 years on the statement of financial position?
Answer: Noncurrent asset (net of allowance and any required discount), with related net assets reported as with donor restrictions
ASC 958-210-45 requires not-for-profit entities to classify assets and liabilities as current or noncurrent based on liquidity, with pledges receivable due beyond one year classified as noncurrent assets. Donor-imposed time restrictions affect the classification of net assets, not the classification of the related receivables on the statement of financial position. The correct answer is B because pledges receivable due in 3 years are noncurrent assets (presented net of allowances and any required present value discount), and the related $150,000 is reported within net assets with donor restrictions due to the time restriction. Choice A is incorrect because pledges receivable follow the same current/noncurrent classification rules as for-profit entities based on collection timing. Choice C is incorrect because pledges receivable are assets representing promises to give, not liabilities, regardless of donor restrictions. Choice D is incorrect because the three-year collection period requires noncurrent classification, and the time restriction requires reporting in net assets with donor restrictions. The key principle is that asset and liability classification is based on liquidity timing, while donor restrictions affect only the net asset classification between with and without donor restrictions.
- A for-profit entity, Meridian Services Co., is preparing an income statement for the year ended December 31, Year 1. The unadjusted trial balance includes: Service revenue $1,200,000; Cost of services $720,000; Selling and administrative expense $260,000; Interest expense $40,000; Gain on sale of equipment $12,000; Unrealized holding gain on trading securities $9,000; Foreign currency transaction loss $6,000 related to a euro-denominated accounts payable settled during Year 1. Management presented the foreign currency transaction loss as a component of other comprehensive income. Which adjustment is needed to correct the income statement?
Answer: Reclassify the foreign currency transaction loss from other comprehensive income to income from continuing operations
ASC 830-20-45 requires that foreign currency transaction gains and losses be included in determining net income for the period in which exchange rates change, not in other comprehensive income. The $6,000 foreign currency transaction loss related to the euro-denominated accounts payable represents a realized loss from exchange rate fluctuations on a monetary liability that was settled during the period. The correct answer is A because foreign currency transaction gains and losses must be reported in income from continuing operations, typically as other income/expense, not in other comprehensive income. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests moving the loss in the wrong direction—from income to OCI—when it should remain in income. Choice C is incorrect because foreign currency transaction losses and unrealized gains on trading securities are reported in different sections and cannot be netted. Choice D is incorrect because extraordinary item classification was eliminated by ASU 2015-01, and foreign currency losses would not have qualified anyway. The key distinction is between foreign currency transaction gains/losses (reported in net income) and foreign currency translation adjustments (reported in OCI for foreign subsidiaries).
- A for-profit parent company, P Co., owns 100% of S Co. and prepares consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, Year 1. During Year 1, P sold inventory to S for $200,000 at a 25% gross profit on selling price, and S still holds $60,000 of that inventory at year-end (at transfer price). No other intercompany transactions occurred. What consolidation entry is required for the ending unrealized profit in inventory at December 31, Year 1?
Answer: Debit Cost of goods sold $15,000; credit Inventory $15,000
ASC 810-10-45 requires elimination of all intercompany profits in inventory to present consolidated financial statements as if the parent and subsidiary were a single economic entity. When the parent sells to the subsidiary (downstream sale), the unrealized profit remains in the subsidiary's ending inventory and must be eliminated. The correct answer is A because the $15,000 unrealized profit ($60,000 × 25%) must be eliminated by debiting Cost of goods sold and crediting Inventory, effectively removing the markup from the consolidated balance sheet and income statement. Choice B is incorrect because it would increase inventory rather than eliminate the intercompany profit. Choice C is incorrect because it uses the wrong amount ($60,000 instead of $15,000) and debits Sales rather than Cost of goods sold. Choice D is incorrect because it calculates the profit incorrectly—the 25% gross profit on selling price equals $15,000, not $12,000. The consolidation principle requires presenting inventory at the original cost to the consolidated entity, eliminating any intercompany markups that remain unrealized through external sales.
- What is the total amount of current assets that should be reported on Camden's classified balance sheet?
Answer: $248,000
Current assets include: Cash $45,000 + Net accounts receivable ($120,000 - $8,000) $112,000 + Inventory $85,000 + Prepaid insurance $6,000 = $248,000. The prepaid insurance is current because it expires within 8 months (less than one year). Choice B incorrectly includes the allowance as an addition rather than subtraction. Choice C incorrectly includes the patent as a current asset. Choice D includes both the patent error and the allowance error.
- Westfield Corporation is preparing its statement of cash flows using the indirect method. During 2024, the company reported net income of $180,000. The following additional information is available:
Depreciation expense: $45,000
Amortization of patent: $8,000
Gain on sale of investments: $12,000
Increase in accounts receivable: $25,000
Decrease in inventory: $18,000
Increase in prepaid expenses: $6,000
Increase in accounts payable: $15,000
Decrease in accrued liabilities: $9,000
What is the net cash provided by operating activities?
Answer: $214,000
Starting with net income $180,000: Add depreciation $45,000 and amortization $8,000 (non-cash expenses); subtract gain on sale of investments $12,000 (non-operating); subtract increase in A/R $25,000 and increase in prepaid expenses $6,000 (uses of cash); add decrease in inventory $18,000 and increase in A/P $15,000 (sources of cash); subtract decrease in accrued liabilities $9,000 (use of cash). Calculation: $180,000 + $45,000 + $8,000 - $12,000 - $25,000 - $6,000 + $18,000 + $15,000 - $9,000 = $214,000. Choice B incorrectly adds the gain instead of subtracting it. Choice C fails to subtract the decrease in accrued liabilities. Choice D makes both errors.
- What amount should Phoenix report as income from continuing operations before income taxes in its classified income statement?
Answer: $668,000
Income from continuing operations before taxes: Net sales $2,400,000 - Cost of goods sold $1,440,000 = Gross profit $960,000 - Selling expenses $180,000 - G&A expenses $120,000 = Operating income $660,000 + Dividend income $15,000 + Gain on equipment sale $30,000 + Foreign currency gain $8,000 - Interest expense $45,000 = $668,000. The loss from discontinued operations is excluded as it's from discontinued operations, and income tax expense is excluded as we want the before-tax amount. Choice A omits the non-operating income items. Choice C incorrectly includes income tax expense as a reduction. Choice D incorrectly includes the discontinued operations loss.
- A for-profit entity, Summit Media Co., is preparing a statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, Year 1 using the indirect method. During Year 1, Summit acquired equipment with a fair value of $300,000 by issuing a long-term note payable for $300,000; no cash was paid. Summit also paid cash dividends of $50,000 and repaid principal on long-term debt of $90,000. How should the cash flow statement account for the noncash acquisition of equipment by issuing a note payable?
Answer: Exclude it from the statement of cash flows and disclose it as a noncash investing and financing activity
ASC 230-10-50 requires that significant noncash investing and financing activities be disclosed in a supplementary schedule or narrative note to the cash flow statement, not reported within the statement itself. The acquisition of $300,000 equipment by issuing a $300,000 note payable involves no cash exchange but represents both an investing activity (equipment acquisition) and financing activity (debt issuance). The correct answer is B because this noncash transaction must be excluded from the statement of cash flows body and disclosed separately as a noncash investing and financing activity. Choice A is incorrect because reporting the transaction in the statement would misrepresent actual cash flows—no cash was exchanged. Choice C is incorrect because the transaction involves no cash and does not belong in operating activities regardless. Choice D is incorrect because it suggests a cash outflow when no cash was paid. The principle is that the statement of cash flows reports only transactions involving actual cash receipts and payments, with significant noncash transactions disclosed separately to provide complete information about investing and financing activities.
- A for-profit entity, Larkspur Co., is preparing a classified balance sheet as of December 31, Year 1. The year-end trial balance includes: Accounts receivable $420,000; Allowance for credit losses (credit) $6,000; Notes receivable—customer, due March 31, Year 2 $120,000; Notes receivable—employee, due June 30, Year 4 $80,000; Inventory $310,000; Prepaid insurance $24,000; Cash $95,000; Accounts payable $260,000; Accrued payroll $58,000; Note payable—bank, due February 15, Year 2 $150,000; Bonds payable, due Year 8 $500,000; Common stock $200,000; Retained earnings $75,000. An adjusting entry is required to reclassify the employee note receivable as noncurrent. What is the correct classification of the Notes receivable—customer, due March 31, Year 2 on the classified balance sheet?
Answer: Current asset—Notes receivable
Under U.S. GAAP, current assets are those expected to be realized in cash or consumed within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer. The Notes receivable—customer, due March 31, Year 2 is due within three months of the December 31, Year 1 balance sheet date, clearly falling within the one-year threshold for current classification. The correct answer is C because notes receivable due within one year are presented as a separate line item from accounts receivable on the classified balance sheet. Choice A (Noncurrent asset—Investments) is incorrect because the note is due within one year and represents a receivable, not an investment. Choice B (Current asset—Accounts receivable, net) is incorrect because notes receivable are presented separately from accounts receivable due to their formal written promise and different credit terms. Choice D (Noncurrent asset—Notes receivable) is incorrect because the note matures within one year of the balance sheet date. The key principle is that receivables are classified based on their expected collection date relative to the balance sheet date, with notes receivable presented separately from accounts receivable regardless of their current or noncurrent classification.
- What amount should be reported as noncontrolling interest in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024?
Answer: $168,000
The noncontrolling interest represents 20% of Subsidiary's stockholders' equity plus 20% of the goodwill. Subsidiary's stockholders' equity at 12/31/24 is $780,000. The goodwill of $60,000 must be allocated proportionally. Total entity value at acquisition was $800,000 ($640,000 ÷ 80%), and goodwill was $60,000. Noncontrolling interest = 20% × ($780,000 + $60,000) = 20% × $840,000 = $168,000. Choice A incorrectly excludes goodwill allocation ($780,000 × 20% = $156,000 + missed goodwill). Choice B uses only the subsidiary equity without goodwill ($780,000 × 20%). Choice D incorrectly calculates the goodwill portion.
