- Look at this number pattern: 5, 8, 13, 20, ?, 38. What number should replace the question mark?
Answer: 29
Look at how much each number increases: 5→8 (+3), 8→13 (+5), 13→20 (+7). The pattern adds consecutive odd numbers (3, 5, 7). The next increase should be +9, so 20 + 9 = 29. We can check: 29→38 is +9, which fits the pattern.
- A pie chart shows fractions sold. Refer to the figure below: How many muffins were blueberry if a total of 60 muffins were sold?
Answer: 12
Blueberry slice is labeled 1⁄5. 1⁄5 of 60 is 60 ÷ 5 = 12. 15, 18, and 20 correspond to fractions 1⁄4, 3⁄10, and 1⁄3, not 1⁄5.
- Use the input-output machine. Refer to the figure: If the pattern continues, what number should go in the empty output box?
Answer: 32
The machine shows 10 → 20 and 12 → 24, so the rule is "multiply by 2." For input 16, output is 16 × 2 = 32. 30, 31, or 33 do not follow this rule.
- The bar graph compares apples sold each day. Refer to the figure below: How many apples were sold on Wednesday if the pattern stays consistent?
Answer: 40
Monday bar = 34, Tuesday = 37, so the increase is +3. Continuing +3 gives Wednesday 40. 38 and 42 assume +1 or +5. 44 uses +7.
- A triangle has side lengths marked. Refer to the figure: What number should label the missing side if the perimeter must equal 30 cm?
Answer: 8
Two given sides are 11 cm and 11 cm. The sum so far is 22 cm. To reach 30 cm, missing side = 30 − 22 = 8 cm. 6, 9, and 11 give perimeters 28, 31, and 33 cm which do not meet 30 cm.
