Shifting Power After 1900 - AP World History

1. What was the economic plan that sought to stabilize post-WWII Germany?

   Marshall Plan. U.S. aid rebuilt Western European economies to resist communism.

2. Identify the leader known for the policy of appeasement before WWII.

   Neville Chamberlain. British PM who tried to avoid war by making concessions to Hitler.

3. What economic event triggered the Great Depression in 1929?

   The stock market crash. Black Tuesday on October 29, 1929, sparked global economic collapse.

4. Identify the treaty that ended World War I.

   Treaty of Versailles. Formally ended the war between Germany and the Allied powers.

5. What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan post-WWII?

   To rebuild European economies. U.S. aid program to prevent communist expansion in Western Europe.

6. Which leader is associated with the term 'Iron Curtain'?

   Winston Churchill. Described the division between communist East and capitalist West Europe.

7. Identify the doctrine that justified Soviet intervention in Eastern Europe.

   Brezhnev Doctrine. Asserted Soviet right to intervene in Warsaw Pact nations.

8. Which political ideology gained prominence in Italy under Mussolini?

   Fascism. Authoritarian nationalism emphasizing state control and militarism.

9. Identify the event that signaled the U.S. withdrawal from Vietnam.

   Fall of Saigon in 1975. Capital's capture marked North Vietnamese victory and U.S. defeat.

10. What was the primary cause of the Vietnam War?

    Communist takeover of South Vietnam. U.S. feared domino effect of communist expansion in Southeast Asia.

11. Which war was a direct result of the partition of India in 1947?

    First Indo-Pakistani War. Religious partition created territorial disputes between new nations.

12. Which region experienced the Suez Crisis in 1956?

    Middle East. Egypt's nationalization of canal sparked international conflict.

13. Which treaty established the European Economic Community in 1957?

    Treaty of Rome. Created common market among six Western European nations.

14. Which nation conducted the Rape of Nanking in 1937?

    Japan. Brutal massacre of Chinese civilians during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

15. What event marked the beginning of World War II?

    Invasion of Poland in 1939. Germany's attack triggered Britain and France to declare war.

16. What was the main objective of the SALT treaties?

    Limit nuclear arms. Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties reduced nuclear weapon stockpiles.

17. What was the main cause of the Korean War?

    North Korea's invasion of South Korea. Communist North attacked capitalist South in 1950, triggering conflict.

18. What ideology was opposed by the Truman Doctrine?

    Communism. U.S. policy to support nations resisting communist expansion.

19. What was the primary cause of the Russian Revolution in 1917?

    Widespread discontent with the Tsarist regime. Economic hardship, military losses, and autocratic rule fueled revolutionary fervor.

20. What policy sought to prevent the spread of communism during the Cold War?

    Containment. Strategy to limit Soviet influence without direct military confrontation.

21. What was the primary aim of the New Deal in the United States?

    Economic recovery and reform. FDR's programs to combat unemployment and restore economic stability.

22. Which nation was divided into North and South post-WWII?

    Korea. Peninsula split along 38th parallel into competing ideological zones.

23. What was the primary goal of the European Union's formation?

    Economic integration of Europe. Common market aimed to create unified European economic space.

24. Which leader initiated the policy of Perestroika in the Soviet Union?

    Mikhail Gorbachev. Soviet leader who introduced restructuring and openness reforms.

25. Identify the country that experienced the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s.

    China. Mao's radical campaign to transform Chinese society and culture.

26. What was the primary aim of the Non-Aligned Movement?

    To remain neutral during the Cold War. Developing nations avoided aligning with either superpower bloc.

27. What was the primary aim of the Bandung Conference in 1955?

    Promote Afro-Asian economic cooperation. Third World nations sought economic partnerships outside superpower blocs.

28. Identify the agreement that established the United Nations in 1945.

    United Nations Charter. Founding document creating international peacekeeping organization.

29. Which global organization was established after World War I?

    League of Nations. Created to promote international cooperation and prevent future wars.

30. What was the main objective of the Bolshevik Party in Russia?

    Establishment of a communist state. Lenin's radical faction sought to overthrow capitalism and establish socialism.

31. Which country was led by Adolf Hitler during World War II?

    Germany. Nazi Party leader who initiated aggressive expansion and the Holocaust.

32. Which policy promoted openness and transparency in the Soviet Union?

    Glasnost. Gorbachev's reform allowing greater freedom of expression and information.

33. Identify the two superpowers during the Cold War.

    United States and Soviet Union. Emerged as dominant global powers after WWII's end.

34. Which event symbolized the end of the Cold War?

    Fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Physical barrier's destruction marked communist system's collapse.

35. Identify the country that experienced the Velvet Revolution in 1989.

    Czechoslovakia. Peaceful transition from communist rule to democratic government.

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