Maritime Empires Maintained and Developed - AP World History

1. Which European power established a trading post in Macau?

   Portugal. Portugal established this trading post to access Chinese markets and goods.

2. Which event marked the rise of British naval dominance?

   The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This victory established England as the dominant naval power in Europe.

3. What was the primary purpose of the Spanish galleon?

   To transport goods and silver. These large ships carried precious metals from the Americas to Spain.

4. What was a key factor in the success of maritime empires?

   Advanced naval technology. Superior ships, weapons, and navigation tools gave empires competitive advantages.

5. Identify a famous 17th-century maritime empire trade route.

   The Spice Route. This lucrative route connected Europe with valuable Asian spices and goods.

6. Which nation established the first permanent English colony in America?

   England. England founded Jamestown in 1607 as its first successful permanent colony.

7. What was the significance of the Treaty of Zaragoza?

   It divided Asian territories between Spain and Portugal. This 1529 treaty extended the Tordesillas line into the Pacific Ocean.

8. What was the primary purpose of maritime colonies?

   To extract resources and facilitate trade. Colonies served as sources of raw materials and markets for manufactured goods.

9. Which empire was known for its significant fur trade in North America?

   The French Empire. French colonists traded extensively with Native Americans for valuable furs.

10. Which innovation improved navigation for maritime empires?

    The magnetic compass. This tool enabled sailors to determine direction and navigate across vast oceans.

11. What was the main economic policy of maritime empires?

    Mercantilism. This policy aimed to maximize exports and accumulate wealth through trade.

12. Identify the primary goal of the British East India Company.

    To monopolize trade in Asia. This company sought to control lucrative trade with India and Southeast Asia.

13. Identify a cultural impact of maritime empires.

    Cultural exchange and syncretism. Contact between different cultures led to new blended traditions and practices.

14. Identify an impact of maritime empires on indigenous populations.

    Displacement and cultural assimilation. European colonization often resulted in loss of indigenous lands and traditions.

15. Identify a key characteristic of maritime empires.

    Control of strategic naval routes and ports. Controlling these locations allowed empires to dominate maritime trade and commerce.

16. What was a significant result of maritime empires' competition?

    Colonial wars and conflicts. Rivalry over trade routes and colonies led to numerous naval conflicts.

17. Which empire's naval power was symbolized by the Armada?

    The Spanish Empire. The Spanish Armada represented Spain's attempt to maintain naval supremacy.

18. Which empire established trading outposts on the west coast of Africa?

    The Portuguese Empire. Portugal built fortified trading posts along the African coast for commerce.

19. Which empire's decline was accelerated by the loss of its naval fleet?

    The Spanish Empire. The destruction of the Armada marked the beginning of Spanish decline.

20. Which empire founded the city of Manila?

    The Spanish Empire. Manila became the key hub for Spanish Pacific trade with Asia.

21. Which European nation led early exploration of the African coast?

    Portugal. Portuguese navigators mapped the African coast seeking routes to Asia.

22. Which empire established the colony of New Amsterdam?

    The Dutch Empire. The Dutch founded this colony in 1624, later renamed New York by the English.

23. What was a major impact of maritime empires on global trade?

    Increased cultural and commercial exchanges. Maritime empires connected distant regions and created global trade networks.

24. Which empire was known for its maritime prowess in the 16th century?

    The Portuguese Empire. Portugal pioneered ocean exploration and established the first global maritime empire.

25. Identify a major factor in the decline of the Dutch maritime empire.

    Competition from England and France. Rising naval powers challenged Dutch commercial and territorial dominance.

26. What was the impact of maritime empires on global population distribution?

    Migration and resettlement. Colonial expansion led to massive population movements and demographic changes.

27. Name a commodity that was crucial to maritime trade.

    Spices. These valuable seasonings motivated European exploration and empire building.

28. Identify a major port in the Spanish maritime empire.

    Seville. Seville controlled Spanish colonial trade through the Casa de Contratación.

29. What was the primary economic activity of maritime empires?

    Trade and commerce. Maritime empires focused on establishing profitable trade networks across oceans.

30. What role did the Dutch East India Company play in maritime empires?

    It was a major trading company controlling sea routes. The VOC dominated Asian trade through military and commercial power.

31. Which empire was known for its control of the Indian Ocean trade routes?

    The Portuguese Empire. Portugal established a network of trading posts from Africa to Asia.

32. Identify a key factor in the maintenance of maritime empires.

    Strong naval forces. Naval superiority was essential to protect trade routes and colonial territories.

33. Identify a reason for the decline of maritime empires.

    Overextension and resource depletion. Empires often grew too large to effectively govern and defend all territories.

34. Which technological innovation facilitated long-distance sea travel?

    The caravel ship. This ship design was fast, maneuverable, and ideal for ocean exploration.

35. What is a maritime empire?

    An empire dominated by sea-based trade and naval power. These empires relied on naval strength to control trade routes and overseas territories.

36. Identify the reason for the establishment of the encomienda system.

    To control and exploit native labor. This system granted Spanish colonists control over indigenous labor and tribute.

37. Which treaty divided the world between Spain and Portugal?

    The Treaty of Tordesillas. This 1494 agreement divided the New World between these two maritime powers.

38. What was a major role of missionaries in maritime empires?

    Spreading Christianity. Religious conversion was often used to justify and facilitate colonial expansion.

39. What was the primary consequence of the Columbian Exchange?

    Transfer of goods and diseases between continents. This exchange transformed global ecosystems, populations, and economies.

40. Name a technological advancement that supported maritime empires.

    The astrolabe. This instrument helped sailors determine their position using celestial navigation.

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