Internal/External Challenges to State Power - AP World History
- Which European power faced the Thirty Years' War as a major challenge?
- Holy Roman Empire. Religious war devastated German territories 1618-1648.
- Which Chinese dynasty faced internal strife due to the White Lotus Rebellion?
- Qing Dynasty. White Lotus Society rebelled against Manchu rule in 1796-1804.
- What was the primary challenge faced by the Tokugawa shogunate?
- Isolationist policies against foreign influence. Sakoku policy limited trade and contact with foreigners.
- What was the main cause of the Ottoman-Safavid conflict?
- Territorial and religious disputes. Competition over trade routes and Shia-Sunni differences.
- What was the result of the English Civil War for monarchy in England?
- Temporary abolition of monarchy. Parliamentary victory established republican government 1649-1660.
- What was the main cause of the Glorious Revolution in 1688?
- Opposition to Catholic monarchy. Protestants removed Catholic James II from throne.
- What was the primary external threat to the Safavid Empire?
- Ottoman Empire. Territorial rivalry between Islamic empires in Middle East.
- What event marked the beginning of the decline of the Ottoman Empire?
- Battle of Lepanto. 1571 naval defeat ended Ottoman Mediterranean expansion.
- Which internal conflict was a major challenge to the French monarchy?
- Fronde. Parliamentary nobles opposed royal absolutism during regency period.
- What was the primary cause of the Dutch Revolt (1568–1648)?
- Religious and political tensions with Spain. Protestant Dutch resisted Catholic Spanish rule and taxation.
- What was the main internal threat to the Spanish Empire in the Americas?
- Indigenous uprisings. Native peoples resisted Spanish colonial rule and exploitation.
- Which rebellion challenged the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan?
- Shimabara Rebellion. Christian peasants revolted against religious persecution 1637-1638.
- Which internal conflict weakened the Ming Dynasty in the 17th century?
- Peasant uprisings. Rural revolts weakened imperial authority and resources.
- Which empire faced the War of the Austrian Succession?
- Austrian Empire. European powers contested Maria Theresa's inheritance 1740-1748.
- Identify the leader of the Maratha Confederacy against the Mughal Empire.
- Shivaji. Founded independent Maratha kingdom in western India.
- Identify the event that marked the end of the Spanish Reconquista in 1492.
- Fall of Granada. Last Muslim stronghold in Iberian Peninsula conquered.
- Identify the empire that faced the Sikh rebellion in the 17th century.
- Mughal Empire. Sikhs challenged Mughal authority in Punjab region.
- Which empire faced internal challenges due to the Streltsy Rebellion?
- Russian Empire. Elite military units rebelled against Peter the Great's reforms.
- Identify the conflict that marked the rise of the Bourbon dynasty in Spain.
- War of the Spanish Succession. European powers fought over Spanish throne succession 1701-1714.
- Who led the French Wars of Religion against the Huguenots?
- Catholic League. Catholic nobles fought Protestant Huguenots for religious control.
- What was the primary goal of the Cossack rebellions in Russia?
- Opposition to serfdom and central authority. Cossacks sought freedom from feudal obligations.
- Identify the empire that faced the Anglo-Spanish War.
- Spanish Empire. England and Spain fought for naval and colonial supremacy.
- What was the main factor leading to the English Civil War?
- Conflict between monarchy and Parliament. Charles I's absolute rule conflicted with parliamentary authority.
- Identify the rebellion that led to the end of the Ming Dynasty.
- Li Zicheng's Rebellion. Peasant leader's revolt opened Beijing to Manchu invasion.
- Identify the leader of the Glorious Revolution in England.
- William of Orange. Dutch stadtholder became Protestant king of England 1688.
- Which kingdom did the Dutch East India Company challenge in Southeast Asia?
- Kingdom of Mataram. Java-based kingdom resisted Dutch colonial expansion.
- What was the primary cause of the Fronde in France?
- Noble opposition to royal power. Parliamentary nobles resisted absolute monarchy during Louis XIV's minority.
- Which event marked the decline of the Mughal Empire?
- Battle of Plassey. 1757 victory gave British control over Bengal region.
- Which kingdom faced internal challenges due to the Jacobite risings?
- Kingdom of Great Britain. Scottish attempts to restore Stuart monarchy 1689-1746.
- Which treaty ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648?
- Peace of Westphalia. Established principle of state sovereignty over religious unity.
- Identify the event that signaled the decline of the Spanish Armada.
- Defeat by England in 1588. English navy destroyed Spanish naval supremacy.
- Identify the empire that faced the Portuguese in the Indian Ocean.
- Ottoman Empire. Rival Muslim powers competed for Indian Ocean trade control.
- Which European power challenged the Portuguese monopoly in Asia?
- Dutch Republic. Dutch broke Portuguese spice trade monopoly in Southeast Asia.
- Identify the rebellion led by Yemelyan Pugachev in Russia.
- Pugachev's Rebellion. 1773-1775 uprising against Catherine the Great's rule.