Conducting World War I - AP World History
- What was the impact of propaganda during WWI?
- Boosted morale and supported recruitment. Government messaging shaped public opinion and encouraged sacrifice.
- Which country led the Gallipoli Campaign?
- United Kingdom. British-led operation aimed at opening supply route to Russia.
- What was the primary economic impact of WWI on Europe?
- Widespread economic hardship and debt. War costs led to inflation, unemployment, and national debts.
- What was the purpose of the Schlieffen Plan?
- German strategy for a quick victory over France. Called for rapid defeat of France before fighting Russia.
- Identify the year World War I began.
- 1914. War started after Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia in July.
- What was the impact of the U-boat campaign?
- Disrupted Allied shipping and supply lines. German submarines threatened to starve Britain into surrender.
- Which empire collapsed as a result of WWI?
- Ottoman Empire. Defeat led to partition and creation of new Middle Eastern states.
- Identify the primary cause of the United States joining WWI.
- Unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany. German U-boats sinking merchant ships pushed America toward war.
- Identify the leader of Germany during World War I.
- Kaiser Wilhelm II. German Emperor who abdicated in November 1918.
- What was the impact of the Russian Revolution on WWI?
- Russia withdrew from the war. Bolshevik Revolution led to separate peace with Germany in 1918.
- Which country switched sides during World War I from the Central Powers to the Allies?
- Italy. Joined Allies in 1915 after secret negotiations for territorial gains.
- Identify the main consequence of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
- Russia ceded territory to Germany. March 1918 treaty allowed Germany to focus on Western Front.
- Identify the major naval battle of World War I.
- Battle of Jutland. 1916 North Sea battle between British and German fleets.
- What was the significance of the Armistice of 11 November 1918?
- Ended fighting on the Western Front. Ceasefire agreement that preceded the formal peace treaty.
- What was the main goal of Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points?
- Establish a framework for peace and prevent future wars. Wilson's plan for lasting peace based on self-determination.
- Identify the main countries in the Triple Alliance.
- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy. Central Powers alliance established to balance European power dynamics.
- What was the primary purpose of war bonds?
- To finance military operations. Government securities sold to citizens to fund the war effort.
- What was the main tactic used on the Eastern Front?
- Mobile warfare. Greater distances allowed for more movement and flanking maneuvers.
- What was the primary aim of the Treaty of Versailles?
- To impose penalties on Germany. Harsh terms included territorial losses, military limits, and reparations.
- What year did World War I end?
- 1918. Armistice signed November 11 at 11 AM ended the fighting.
- What was the significance of the Battle of the Marne?
- Stopped German advance into France. September 1914 battle that prevented German capture of Paris.
- Identify the year the United States entered World War I.
- 1917. Entry followed unrestricted submarine warfare and Zimmerman Telegram.
- Which battle is known for its extensive use of trench warfare?
- Battle of the Somme. 1916 battle exemplified the deadly stalemate of trench warfare.
- Which country's neutrality was violated at the start of WWI?
- Belgium. German invasion violated Belgian neutrality guaranteed by 1839 treaty.
- Which nation was held primarily responsible for WWI by the Treaty of Versailles?
- Germany. Article 231 assigned full blame and demanded reparations.
- Identify the main leader of the United Kingdom during WWI.
- David Lloyd George. British Prime Minister who led the war effort from 1916-1922.
- Which pandemic coincided with the end of World War I?
- Spanish Flu. 1918-1919 pandemic killed more people than the war itself.
- Which treaty ended World War I?
- Treaty of Versailles. Peace agreement signed June 28, 1919, formally ending the war.
- What event triggered the start of World War I?
- Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The June 28, 1914 shooting in Sarajevo sparked the alliance system into action.
- What was the Zimmerman Telegram?
- German proposal for Mexico to join the war against the U.S. Intercepted message that helped push America into the war.
- Which weapon was first used significantly during World War I?
- Poison gas. Chemical weapons introduced a new level of horror to warfare.
- What was the purpose of the League of Nations?
- To maintain world peace and prevent future conflicts. International organization established to promote collective security.
- Identify the main countries in the Triple Entente.
- France, Russia, United Kingdom. Alliance formed to counter German and Austrian power in Europe.
- Identify the main leader of Austria-Hungary during WWI.
- Emperor Franz Joseph I. Austro-Hungarian ruler during the empire's final major conflict.
- Identify the primary leader of France during World War I.
- Georges Clemenceau. French premier known as "The Tiger" for his aggressive leadership.
- What type of warfare characterized the Western Front?
- Trench warfare. Static warfare defined by elaborate defensive fortifications.
- What was the significance of the Lusitania sinking?
- Increased tensions between Germany and the U.S. 1915 sinking of passenger ship killed 1,198 civilians including Americans.
- What was the significance of the Gallipoli Campaign?
- Failed attempt by the Allies to control the Dardanelles. 1915-1916 campaign resulted in heavy casualties for minimal gains.
- What was the role of women in World War I?
- Worked in factories and served as nurses. War opened new employment opportunities for women in industry.