Manifest Destiny - AP U.S. History
- Identify one driving force behind Manifest Destiny.
- Belief in American cultural and racial superiority. Justified expansion as spreading superior American values.
- Which religious group migrated west during Manifest Destiny?
- The Mormons. Fled religious persecution to establish Utah settlements.
- Which groups were negatively impacted by Manifest Destiny?
- Native Americans and Mexican citizens. Lost lands, rights, and cultural identity to expansion.
- Which territory was acquired through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
- California and New Mexico territories. Included present-day Southwest and California for $15 million.
- Which war was influenced by Manifest Destiny?
- The Mexican-American War. Fought 1846-1848 to acquire Mexican territory for expansion.
- What is Manifest Destiny?
- The belief in the inevitable expansion of the U.S. across North America. Rooted in religious, cultural, and economic motives for westward expansion.
- Which treaty resolved the Aroostook War boundary dispute?
- The Webster-Ashburton Treaty. Settled Maine-Canada border dispute in 1842.
- What year was the term 'Manifest Destiny' coined?
- 1845. Appeared in O'Sullivan's article in the Democratic Review magazine.
- Which compromise temporarily settled the issue of slavery in new territories?
- The Missouri Compromise. Balanced free and slave states during territorial expansion.
- What role did the Homestead Act of 1862 play in Manifest Destiny?
- Provided land to settlers, encouraging westward migration. Offered free land to accelerate western settlement.
- Identify one cultural justification used for Manifest Destiny.
- The belief in spreading democracy and civilization. Portrayed expansion as bringing enlightenment to 'uncivilized' lands.
- What was the main consequence of the California Gold Rush?
- Rapid population growth and statehood for California. Population boom led to immediate statehood in 1850.
- What was the main economic motive for Manifest Destiny?
- Access to natural resources and new markets. Expansion promised gold, farmland, and trade opportunities.
- Which act provided 160 acres to settlers for a small fee?
- The Homestead Act. Encouraged settlement by making land ownership accessible.
- Which 1848 treaty ended the Mexican-American War?
- The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Signed February 2, 1848, ceding vast Mexican territories.
- Which Native American tribe was affected by the Trail of Tears?
- The Cherokee tribe. Forced westward on the 1838 Trail of Tears march.
- Which president is most associated with Manifest Destiny?
- James K. Polk. His presidency focused on aggressive territorial expansion policies.
- Which U.S. state was an independent republic before joining the Union?
- Texas. Annexed in 1845 after nine years of independence.
- What was the Monroe Doctrine's connection to Manifest Destiny?
- Discouraged European colonization in the Americas. Supported American territorial claims against European powers.
- Which U.S. general led forces into disputed territory, sparking the Mexican War?
- General Zachary Taylor. His advance into disputed Texas territory provoked conflict.
- What was the impact of Manifest Destiny on U.S. politics?
- Intensified sectional conflict over slavery. New territories reignited slavery expansion debates.
- What was the Gadsden Purchase?
- 1853 purchase of land from Mexico for southern railroad route. Completed continental expansion for transcontinental railroad development.
- Who coined the term 'Manifest Destiny'?
- Journalist John L. O'Sullivan in 1845. He used the phrase in a magazine article about Texas annexation.
- What was the impact of Manifest Destiny on Native American lands?
- Significant loss and displacement. Tribes were removed or confined to reservations.
- What year did the U.S. acquire the Oregon Territory?
- 1846. Settled through compromise at the 49th parallel boundary.
- What was the primary mode of transportation during westward expansion?
- Covered wagons and the Oregon Trail. Essential for crossing plains and mountains to reach destinations.
- What did the term 'American Progress' symbolize during Manifest Destiny?
- Technological and territorial advancement. Represented American destiny to civilize the continent.
- What was the result of the Bear Flag Revolt?
- California briefly became an independent republic. American settlers declared independence before U.S. annexation.
- What was the significance of the Santa Fe Trail?
- A trade route connecting Missouri with Santa Fe, New Mexico. Facilitated trade and cultural exchange with Southwest territories.
- What was the slogan 'Fifty-Four Forty or Fight' about?
- U.S. claim to Oregon Territory latitudes. Referenced disputed northern Oregon Territory boundary coordinates.
- Which treaty ceded parts of present-day Arizona and New Mexico to the U.S.?
- The Gadsden Treaty. Completed the continental United States through purchase.
- What was the Wilmot Proviso?
- A proposal to ban slavery in territory acquired from Mexico. Introduced by David Wilmot to limit slavery's expansion.
- What was the impact of the Gold Rush on Manifest Destiny?
- Accelerated westward expansion and settlement. Drew thousands westward, supporting territorial expansion goals.
- How did railroads impact Manifest Destiny?
- Facilitated faster westward movement and settlement. Connected East and West, accelerating territorial development.
- What was the primary objective of Manifest Destiny?
- To expand U.S. territory westward to the Pacific Ocean. Aimed to fulfill the continental destiny from coast to coast.
- How did the U.S. acquire Florida?
- Through the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819. Spain ceded Florida after border conflicts and negotiations.
- What did the phrase 'Sea to shining sea' represent?
- The goal of U.S. expansion from Atlantic to Pacific. Symbolized the continental span of American territorial ambitions.
- Which 1846 agreement settled the Oregon boundary dispute?
- The Oregon Treaty. Set Oregon border at 49th parallel with Britain.