Continuity and Change in Period 3 - AP U.S. History

1. Name one effect of the Intolerable Acts of 1774.

   Unified colonial opposition to British rule. Punitive measures backfired by creating colonial solidarity.

2. Identify one way the Constitution addressed weaknesses of the Articles.

   Creation of a stronger federal government. Provided executive power and ability to enforce laws.

3. Which event marked the end of the Revolutionary War?

   The British surrender at Yorktown. Cornwallis's defeat led to peace negotiations.

4. What was the significance of the Boston Tea Party?

   Protest against the Tea Act, escalating tensions. Symbolic act of defiance that provoked harsh retaliation.

5. Which branch of government was missing under the Articles of Confederation?

   The Executive branch. Articles lacked unified leadership and enforcement power.

6. Which document formally declared American independence?

   The Declaration of Independence. Formally announced American break from British rule.

7. What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?

   To prevent colonial expansion west of the Appalachians. British attempt to avoid conflicts with Native Americans.

8. Identify one principle of Republican Motherhood.

   Educating women to raise informed citizens. Women's civic duty to cultivate virtue in future citizens.

9. What was the outcome of the Battle of Saratoga in 1777?

   Turning point that secured French alliance with America. Victory convinced France to join the war against Britain.

10. Identify one major anti-federalist concern about the Constitution.

    Lack of protection for individual liberties. Feared Constitution gave too much power to federal government.

11. What was the impact of Common Sense by Thomas Paine?

    Galvanized support for independence from Britain. Pamphlet that convinced many colonists to support independence.

12. What was the Great Compromise of 1787?

    Agreement for a bicameral legislature in Congress. Balanced large and small state representation concerns.

13. What was the purpose of the Stamp Act of 1765?

    To raise revenue from the American colonies. First direct tax on colonists, sparking organized resistance.

14. What was the main argument of the anti-federalists?

    Opposition to a strong central government. Feared tyranny and loss of state sovereignty.

15. What principle was established by the case Marbury v. Madison?

    Judicial review. Supreme Court's power to declare laws unconstitutional.

16. Identify one major cause of the American Revolution.

    Taxation without representation. Colonial objection to paying taxes without Parliamentary representation.

17. Identify the primary author of the Declaration of Independence.

    Thomas Jefferson. Virginia planter and philosopher who drafted the document.

18. What is the significance of the Boston Massacre of 1770?

    Increased tensions between colonists and British soldiers. Propaganda tool that inflamed anti-British sentiment.

19. Identify one effect of the French and Indian War on Britain.

    Increased debt leading to taxation of American colonies. War costs forced Britain to seek colonial revenue.

20. What was the purpose of The Federalist Papers?

    To support the ratification of the Constitution. Essays defending the proposed Constitution's benefits.

21. What was the significance of the Treaty of Greenville?

    Opened much of Ohio to white settlement. Ended Native American resistance in the Northwest Territory.

22. What was the significance of the Olive Branch Petition?

    Last attempt to avoid war with Britain. Final peaceful overture rejected by King George III.

23. What was Shays' Rebellion and its impact?

    Uprising highlighting weaknesses of Articles of Confederation. Demonstrated federal government's inability to maintain order.

24. What was the impact of the Three-Fifths Compromise?

    Determined representation for slave states. Counted slaves as 3/5 of a person for representation purposes.

25. Identify one change in American society post-Revolution.

    Increase in calls for abolition of slavery. Revolutionary ideals inspired gradual emancipation movements.

26. What event highlighted the need for a stronger national government?

    Shays' Rebellion. Armed uprising exposed federal government's impotence.

27. Name one factor that led to the ratification of the Constitution.

    The promise of including a Bill of Rights. Assured anti-federalists their rights would be protected.

28. Which event led to the drafting of the U.S. Constitution?

    Weaknesses exposed by Shays' Rebellion. Farmer uprising revealed need for stronger federal authority.

29. Identify one change in British colonial policy post-1763.

    Enforcement of stricter economic regulations. Shift from salutary neglect to direct imperial control.

30. What was the primary aim of the Albany Plan of Union?

    To unite the colonies for common defense. Franklin's early attempt at colonial confederation.

31. What was the main outcome of the Treaty of Paris 1783?

    Recognition of American independence by Britain. Ended the war and established U.S. sovereignty.

32. What was the main purpose of the Continental Congress?

    To coordinate colonial resistance to British policies. United colonies in collective action against British policies.

33. What was the significance of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

    Established a system for admitting new states. Created orderly process for western expansion and statehood.

34. Identify one outcome of the First Continental Congress.

    Boycott of British goods. Economic pressure to force repeal of Intolerable Acts.

35. Identify one reason for the failure of the Articles of Confederation.

    Inability to levy taxes. Federal government lacked power to enforce laws or collect revenue.

36. What was the primary purpose of the Articles of Confederation?

    To serve as the first constitution of the United States. Created a framework for governing the newly independent states.

37. What role did the Enlightenment play in the American Revolution?

    Influenced ideas of liberty and democracy. Natural rights philosophy justified resistance to tyranny.

38. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

    To address weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation. Delegates sought to create a more effective national government.

39. What was the impact of the Battle of Bunker Hill?

    Boosted American morale despite a tactical loss. Proved colonial forces could fight British regulars effectively.

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