Practice Test 4 - AP Physics 1

20 questions. Answer them in any order, then submit to see your score and every explanation.

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1. A 0.15 kg baseball moving horizontally strikes a 0.90 kg bat that is held stationary, and they remain in contact briefly. During contact, compare the force of the bat on the ball to the force of the ball on the bat.
2. A wheel's angular velocity changes from $-2$ to $-6\,\text{rad/s}$ in $2\,\text{s}$. What is $\alpha$?
3. A cart moves along a line; positive is to the right. A position–time graph has a horizontal segment (constant $x$) from $t=4\,\text{s}$ to $t=6\,\text{s}$. During $t=4\,\text{s}$ to $t=6\,\text{s}$, what is the cart's velocity?
4. Two carts collide on a frictionless track. Cart X ($2.0\,\text{kg}$) moves east at $1.5\,\text{m/s}$ and Cart Y ($1.0\,\text{kg}$) moves west at $0.50\,\text{m/s}$. The system is both carts; external forces are negligible. What is the system's total momentum after the collision?
5. Cart $A$ (mass $2m$) moving right collides with cart $B$ (mass $m$) at rest on a frictionless track. After impact, they stick together. Which quantity is guaranteed conserved during the collision?
6. A block is pulled rightward on a horizontal surface and slides right. The friction force is kinetic; other forces are weight, normal, and the pull. If the pull is reduced but the block continues sliding right, what happens to the kinetic friction magnitude?
7. A cylinder rolls without slipping with center-of-mass speed $v$. What is the speed of the bottom point relative to the cylinder's center?
8. A car travels at constant speed around a flat circular track of radius 50 m. When the car is at the northmost point, which direction must the net force on the car point?
9. A car's position–time graph has time $t$ on the horizontal axis and position $x$ on the vertical axis. The graph is horizontal at $x=5\,\text{m}$. What is supported?
10. Two identical solid cylinders rotate about their symmetry axes. Cylinder 1 spins with angular speed $\omega$, cylinder 2 with $3\omega$. How do their rotational kinetic energies compare?
11. A car moves east at constant speed on a straight, level road. The engine provides a forward force, while air drag and rolling resistance act backward. Which conclusion about the net force on the car is correct?
12. A cart rolls right on a level track and catches a ball dropped vertically into it. The system boundary includes the cart and ball; the catching forces are internal, while the track's friction is negligible and weight/normal cancel vertically. Which statement about the system's center-of-mass motion is correct during the catch?
13. A small block is held motionless fully submerged by a string attached above. Forces are buoyant force upward, tension upward, and weight $mg$ downward. Which statement must be true?
14. A satellite coasts in deep space spinning about its center with negligible external torque. It extends two identical solar panels outward, increasing its rotational inertia from $I_0$ to $9I_0$. How does its angular speed change?
15. A satellite is in circular orbit around Earth. At a point in the orbit, its velocity points north. Which direction is the satellite's acceleration at that instant? (Assume no thrust.)
16. A puck of mass $m$ moves in the $+x$ direction at speed $v$. What is the direction of the puck's momentum?
17. A 1.5 kg block is pulled to the right by a rope with tension 8 N across a rough horizontal surface. The block moves right at constant velocity. The surface exerts kinetic friction on the block. What is the magnitude of the friction force?
18. A $0.060\,\text{kg}$ ball moving east at $10\,\text{m/s}$ hits a $0.20\,\text{kg}$ cart initially at rest on a frictionless track and sticks inside it. Treat ball + cart as the system; external forces are negligible. What is the cart's speed immediately after impact?
19. In a tank of oil, pressure is due to fluid depth. Point $A$ is $0.30\,\text{m}$ below the surface and point $B$ is $0.80\,\text{m}$ below. Which comparison is correct?
20. Two solid cubes, $X$ and $Y$, are made of the same metal. Cube $X$ has twice the mass and twice the volume of cube $Y$. Which statement about their densities is correct?

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