Pressure - AP Physics 1

1. Which instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure?

   Barometer. Measures air pressure in atmosphere.

2. How does pressure change with increasing fluid velocity?

   Pressure decreases. Bernoulli's principle relationship.

3. What is atmospheric pressure at sea level in Pascals?

   101,325 Pa. Standard atmospheric pressure value.

4. State the formula for dynamic pressure.

   $P_d = \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2$. Pressure from fluid velocity.

5. What is the relationship between depth and pressure in a fluid?

   Pressure increases with depth. Hydrostatic pressure principle.

6. What is the physical meaning of 1 Pascal?

   1 N/m². One Newton per square meter.

7. Identify the term for the pressure exerted by a stationary fluid.

   Static pressure. Pressure from non-moving fluid.

8. What are the SI units of pressure?

   Pascals (Pa). One Pa equals one $\text{N/m}^2$.

9. What is the term for pressure due to the weight of a fluid?

   Hydrostatic pressure. Pressure from fluid weight.

10. State the formula for calculating pressure.

    $P = \frac{F}{A}$. Force divided by area.

11. Calculate the pressure at a depth of 5 m in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$).

    $P = 49,050 \text{ Pa}$. Using $P = \rho gh = 1000 \times 9.8 \times 5$.

12. What is absolute pressure?

    Total pressure including atmospheric pressure. Gauge plus atmospheric pressure.

13. Identify the term for pressure due to fluid motion.

    Dynamic pressure. Pressure from fluid kinetic energy.

14. Identify the standard atmospheric pressure in mmHg.

    760 mmHg. Mercury column height standard.

15. What is gauge pressure?

    Pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. Pressure above atmospheric pressure.

16. Convert 1 atm to Pascals.

    1 atm = 101,325 Pa. Standard atmospheric pressure conversion.

17. What is the effect of a vacuum on pressure?

    Pressure is reduced to near zero. Vacuum removes most gas molecules.

18. Identify the pressure change for a gas when volume is halved at constant temperature.

    Pressure doubles. Boyle's Law: $PV$ constant.

19. What device measures the pressure difference between two points in a fluid?

    Manometer. U-tube device for pressure difference.

20. What is the relationship between pressure and temperature in Gay-Lussac's Law?

    Pressure is directly proportional to temperature. At constant volume and amount.

21. Which law relates pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

    Boyle's Law. Relates $P$ and $V$ inversely.

22. What does $\rho$ represent in the fluid pressure formula?

    Density of the fluid. Mass per unit volume of the fluid.

23. What role does the area play in determining pressure?

    Larger area results in lower pressure for the same force. Inverse relationship from $P = \frac{F}{A}$.

24. What happens to pressure in a fluid if density increases?

    Pressure increases. Direct relationship in $P = \rho gh$.

25. In what unit is fluid density typically measured?

    kg/m³. Standard SI density unit.

26. What is the SI unit of force used in pressure calculations?

    Newton (N). Force unit in pressure formula.

27. Identify the formula for pressure in a fluid at rest.

    $P = \rho gh$. Hydrostatic pressure formula for fluids at rest.

28. What is the relationship between pressure and volume in Boyle's Law?

    Pressure is inversely proportional to volume. Inverse relationship at constant temperature.

29. What is the principle that explains buoyancy in fluids?

    Archimedes' Principle. Buoyant force equals displaced fluid weight.

30. Find the pressure exerted by a 500 N force on a 10 m² area.

    $P = 50 \text{ Pa}$. Using $P = \frac{F}{A} = \frac{500}{10}$.

31. What is the effect of increasing temperature on gas pressure in a closed container?

    Pressure increases. Gay-Lussac's Law at constant volume.

32. How is pressure related to force and area?

    Pressure is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to area. From $P = \frac{F}{A}$ relationship.

33. What happens to pressure if the area is halved and force remains constant?

    Pressure doubles. Pressure inversely proportional to area.

34. Calculate the pressure at a depth of 10 m in water.

    $P = 98,100 \text{ Pa}$. Using $P = \rho gh = 1000 \times 9.8 \times 10$.

35. Calculate the pressure exerted by a 200 N force on a 5 m² area.

    $P = 40 \text{ Pa}$. Using $P = \frac{F}{A} = \frac{200}{5}$.

36. What does $h$ represent in the fluid pressure formula?

    Height of the fluid column. Vertical distance from surface to point.

37. What is the definition of pressure in physics?

    Pressure is the force exerted per unit area. Force distributed over area.

38. What is the effect of altitude on atmospheric pressure?

    Pressure decreases with altitude. Less air mass above at height.

39. Which physical quantity is constant in an isobaric process?

    Pressure. Constant pressure process definition.

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