Political Power and Territoriality - AP Human Geography
- Identify the term for a state with more than one nation within its borders.
- Multinational State. Contains multiple distinct cultural or ethnic groups.
- What is the term for the process of redrawing legislative boundaries?
- Redistricting. Adjusts representation based on population changes and shifts.
- Which theory suggests that control over Eurasia leads to world dominance?
- Heartland Theory. Mackinder's theory emphasizing central Eurasian landmass control.
- What is a 'nation-state'?
- A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a nation. Perfect alignment between political boundaries and cultural identity.
- What is the aim of the African Union (AU)?
- Promote unity and cooperation among African states. Continental organization addressing African development and security.
- Identify the term for a city with political and economic control over surrounding areas.
- City-State. Independent urban center with surrounding territorial control.
- Define a 'nation' in political geography.
- A group of people with common cultural characteristics. Cultural unity based on shared identity, language, or ethnicity.
- What is meant by 'unitary state'?
- A state governed as a single entity with a central authority. All power concentrated in single central government.
- Define 'geopolitics'.
- The study of the effects of geography on politics and relations. Geographic factors influence international power and strategy.
- Identify the term for a state's control over its internal and external affairs.
- Sovereignty. Ultimate authority within a territory, free from external control.
- Which organization is known for fostering economic cooperation in Europe?
- European Union (EU). Promotes economic integration and political cooperation.
- Which concept refers to the division of geographic areas into distinct entities?
- Political Boundaries. Lines that separate different political jurisdictions and territories.
- Define 'supranationalism'.
- Cooperation among states for common goals, beyond national boundaries. Authority transcends individual state sovereignty.
- What is the term for the right to exercise political self-determination?
- Self-Determination. Peoples' right to choose their own political status.
- Identify the term for boundaries established by humans.
- Artificial Boundary. Human-created lines like latitude/longitude or straight lines.
- What is the term for unifying separate entities into a single state?
- Unification. Combines separate territories into single political entity.
- Define 'imperialism'.
- A policy of extending a country's power through diplomacy or military force. Extends influence without direct territorial control.
- What is 'colonialism'?
- The practice of acquiring political control over another country, occupying it with settlers. Direct political control through settlement and exploitation.
- What is the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)?
- Sea zone over which a state has special rights regarding exploration and use. Extends 200 nautical miles for resource extraction rights.
- What is the function of the United Nations?
- Promote peace, security, and cooperation among countries. Global organization addressing international conflicts and issues.
- What is the term for the physical features that define a political boundary?
- Natural Boundary. Rivers, mountains, or other geographic features form borders.
- What term describes an area organized into a political unit with a government?
- State. Basic political unit with defined territory, population, and sovereignty.
- Define 'territorial waters'.
- The area of sea adjacent to a state's coast, subject to its jurisdiction. Typically extends 12 nautical miles from coastline.
- What is 'balkanization'?
- The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile units. Named after Balkan Peninsula's historical fragmentation pattern.
- What is the term for a region caught between stronger, colliding external forces?
- Shatterbelt. Fragmented region experiencing external pressure and conflict.
- What is the 'Rimland Theory'?
- Eurasia's coastal areas are key to controlling the world. Spykman's theory countering Heartland with maritime power focus.
- What is the main goal of ASEAN?
- Accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region. Southeast Asian regional cooperation and economic development.
- Identify the primary purpose of NATO.
- Collective defense against aggression. Military alliance ensuring mutual protection among members.
- Define 'federal state'.
- A political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing regions. Regional governments share power with central authority.
- Define gerrymandering.
- Manipulating boundaries to favor one party or class. Creates unfair electoral advantages through boundary manipulation.
- What is the term for a state with a central government but independent constituent states?
- Confederation. Weak central authority with strong autonomous regions.
- What is the definition of political power?
- The ability to influence or control the behavior of people. Fundamental concept in political geography and governance systems.
- Which concept refers to a state's expansion by annexing territory?
- Irredentism. Reclaiming territory based on historical or ethnic claims.
- Identify the concept of 'critical geopolitics'.
- Analyzing how geographical assumptions influence global politics. Examines how geographic narratives shape political power.
- Identify the concept where a state transfers power to local governments.
- Devolution. Decentralizes power from central to regional authorities.
- What is the concept of 'globalization' in geopolitics?
- The process of increased interconnectedness among countries. Economic, cultural, and political integration across borders.
- What is the term for the legal process of obtaining citizenship?
- Naturalization. Legal procedure granting full membership rights in state.
- What is territoriality in political geography?
- The connection of people, their culture, and their economic systems to land. How groups establish attachment and control over geographic space.
- What is a 'buffer state'?
- A small neutral country situated between two larger hostile countries. Provides stability by separating conflicting powers.
- Which term describes a nation without its own state?
- Stateless Nation. Cultural group lacking political sovereignty over their territory.