Cultural Patterns - AP Human Geography
- What is the significance of a cultural hearth?
- It is the origin of cultural traits or innovations. These areas generate innovations that spread globally.
- What is the definition of a lingua franca?
- A lingua franca is a common language used for communication between speakers of different native languages. Examples include English, Mandarin, and Arabic globally.
- What is an example of cultural syncretism?
- The blending of indigenous and colonial religious practices. Shows how cultures adapt and merge in colonial contexts.
- Identify the concept of ethnocentrism.
- Ethnocentrism is judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture. This bias assumes one's own culture is superior to others.
- Define 'cultural adaptation'.
- Cultural adaptation is the process of adjusting to a new culture. Individuals modify behavior to fit new cultural environments.
- What is the role of language in cultural identity?
- Language is a key component of cultural identity. Language preserves and transmits cultural knowledge.
- What is the definition of 'cultural mosaic'?
- A cultural mosaic is a society that consists of various cultural groups. Celebrates diversity rather than promoting assimilation.
- What is cultural relativism?
- Cultural relativism is the principle of evaluating cultures by their own standards. Avoids ethnocentrism by judging cultures on their own terms.
- Define 'transculturation'.
- Transculturation is the phenomenon of merging and converging cultures. Creates new cultural forms through cultural mixing.
- Define 'cultural divergence'.
- Cultural divergence is the tendency for cultures to become dissimilar over time. Isolation often leads to this cultural separation.
- What is 'cultural imperialism'?
- Cultural imperialism is the dominance of one culture over others. Powerful cultures impose their values on weaker ones.
- What is the difference between folk culture and popular culture?
- Folk culture is traditionally practiced by small, homogeneous groups; popular culture is widespread and heterogeneous. Folk culture is local and traditional; popular culture is global and commercial.
- Identify the concept of cultural diffusion.
- Cultural diffusion is the spread of cultural elements from one area to another. This describes how cultures spread geographically over time.
- What is acculturation?
- Acculturation is the process of cultural change and adaptation. Occurs when cultures come into contact and exchange traits.
- What does the term 'assimilation' mean in cultural geography?
- Assimilation is the process by which a minority group adopts the customs of the prevailing culture. Complete cultural integration into the dominant society.
- Identify the impact of cultural globalization on languages.
- It leads to the spread of major languages and decline of minor ones. Dominant languages replace local linguistic diversity.
- What does 'cultural landscape' represent?
- It represents the combined work of nature and humans. It shows the interaction between physical and human geography.
- What does the term 'cultural hearth' refer to?
- Cultural hearth is the origin point of a cultural trait or practice. These areas serve as sources for cultural diffusion.
- What is a 'subculture'?
- A subculture is a cultural group within a larger culture. Maintains distinct identity while part of larger society.
- What is non-material culture?
- Non-material culture includes ideas, beliefs, values, and norms that shape a society. The intangible aspects that guide human behavior.
- What is 'cultural homogenization'?
- Cultural homogenization is the process by which local cultures are transformed or absorbed by a dominant outside culture. Often results from globalization and media influence.
- Define 'cultural region'.
- A cultural region is an area where people share similar cultural traits. Geographic boundaries often define these cultural areas.
- What is a cultural trait?
- A cultural trait is a single element of normal practice in a culture. The basic building block of all cultural systems.
- Define the term 'cultural appropriation'.
- Cultural appropriation is the adoption of elements of one culture by members of another culture. Often raises concerns about cultural sensitivity and respect.
- Define 'cultural syncretism'.
- Cultural syncretism is the blending of cultures to form a new, distinct culture. Results in unique hybrid cultural expressions.
- What is meant by 'material culture'?
- Material culture refers to physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. Includes tools, buildings, clothing, and other tangible items.
- Define syncretism in a cultural context.
- Syncretism is the blending of different cultural beliefs and practices. Creates hybrid cultures from multiple cultural sources.
- What is the definition of 'taboo' in cultural patterns?
- A taboo is a social or cultural prohibition or restriction. Violating taboos often results in social sanctions.
- What is the concept of cultural identity?
- Cultural identity is the identity or feeling of belonging to a group. Shaped by shared language, traditions, and values.
- Define globalization in terms of cultural patterns.
- Globalization is the process of increased interconnectedness among countries, leading to cultural exchange. Technology and communication accelerate this process.
- What is the definition of a cultural landscape?
- A cultural landscape is a geographic area shaped by cultural practices. It's the physical environment modified by human culture.