The French Revolution's Effects - AP European History

1. Identify the system abolished by the National Assembly in August 1789.

   Feudalism. Night of August 4 eliminated serfdom, feudal dues, and noble privileges.

2. What was the primary objective of the Committee of Public Safety?

   To protect the Revolution from its enemies. Revolutionary government body created to defend against internal and external threats.

3. What was the primary goal of the Women's March on Versailles in 1789?

   To demand bread and force the royal family to Paris. Parisian women marched to address food shortages and royal resistance to reforms.

4. Identify the revolutionary slogan that encapsulated the ideals of the Revolution.

   Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. The three core revolutionary principles that inspired democratic movements worldwide.

5. What was the impact of the French Revolution on the concept of citizenship?

   Promotion of equal rights and secular citizenship. Revolution established citizenship based on individual rights rather than social status.

6. What was the role of the Estates-General in 1789?

   To address the financial crisis and propose reforms. First meeting since 1614 called to solve France's severe financial problems.

7. Identify the legislative body that governed France during the Reign of Terror.

   National Convention. Radical assembly that abolished monarchy and executed the king.

8. Which philosopher's ideas influenced the Declaration of the Rights of Man?

   Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Social contract theorist whose ideas about popular sovereignty influenced revolutionary thought.

9. What was the primary economic problem faced by France before the Revolution?

   Financial crisis and national debt. Massive debt from wars and inefficient tax system bankrupted the monarchy.

10. Which revolutionary government replaced the National Assembly in 1791?

    Legislative Assembly. New legislature created under the Constitution of 1791's constitutional monarchy.

11. What was one major impact of the French Revolution on Europe?

    Spread of revolutionary ideas and nationalism. Revolutionary principles inspired liberal and nationalist movements across the continent.

12. Which 1799 event led to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte?

    Coup of 18 Brumaire. Napoleon's military coup that overthrew the Directory and established the Consulate.

13. Who led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror?

    Maximilien Robespierre. Radical Jacobin leader who dominated the Committee during 1793-1794.

14. Which 1793 event led to the execution of King Louis XVI?

    His trial and conviction for treason. National Convention found him guilty of conspiring against liberty and executed him.

15. What system of government was established by the French Constitution of 1791?

    Constitutional monarchy. Limited the king's power while maintaining monarchy within constitutional framework.

16. Which 1791 constitution established a limited monarchy in France?

    The Constitution of 1791. First written constitution that created a constitutional monarchy with limited royal power.

17. What system was replaced by the Napoleonic Code in 1804?

    Feudal legal systems. Napoleon's legal code replaced complex feudal laws with unified civil law.

18. What was the primary purpose of the Revolutionary Tribunals?

    To try and punish enemies of the Revolution. Revolutionary courts that conducted rapid trials and executions during the Terror.

19. Which French leader established the Consulate in 1799?

    Napoleon Bonaparte. Military general who seized power and became First Consul of France.

20. Identify the 1793-1794 period known for mass executions and political purges.

    The Reign of Terror. Robespierre's radical phase featuring mass executions of perceived enemies.

21. What was the impact of the Revolution on the French monarchy?

    Abolition of the monarchy and execution of the king. Revolution completely eliminated the ancient institution and killed the king.

22. What was one consequence of the French Revolution for the Catholic Church?

    Loss of land and political power. Nationalization of Church property and elimination of Church's political influence.

23. Which document served as the preamble to the French Constitution of 1791?

    Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Rights declaration formed the constitutional basis for individual liberties.

24. Which class emerged as a powerful social group during the French Revolution?

    The bourgeoisie. Middle class gained political power and economic dominance during revolutionary changes.

25. Identify the main role of the Directory established in 1795.

    Governing France after the National Convention. Five-member executive body that ruled France from 1795-1799.

26. What event in 1795 ended the French Revolution's radical phase?

    Establishment of the Directory. Thermidorian Reaction created moderate government replacing radical National Convention rule.

27. What was the outcome of the Congress of Vienna for France?

    Restoration of the Bourbon monarchy. Post-Napoleonic settlement that returned Louis XVIII to the French throne.

28. Identify the French military campaign that spread revolutionary ideals abroad.

    Napoleonic Wars. Napoleon's conquests exported revolutionary principles of liberty and equality across Europe.

29. Identify the 1792 conflict that resulted from the Revolution.

    War of the First Coalition. European monarchies united against revolutionary France to prevent spread of revolution.

30. What political body was formed by the Third Estate in 1789?

    National Assembly. Formed when Third Estate delegates broke from Estates-General to create a new governing body.

31. Identify the event that marked the beginning of the French Revolution.

    Storming of the Bastille. July 14, 1789 attack on royal fortress symbolically launched revolutionary action.

32. What was the goal of the Continental System implemented by Napoleon?

    To blockade British trade with Europe. Economic warfare strategy to weaken Britain by cutting off European trade.

33. Which 1791 event highlighted the vulnerability of the royal family?

    Flight to Varennes. Failed royal escape attempt that destroyed public trust in the monarchy.

34. Which group primarily benefited from the abolition of feudal privileges?

    The bourgeoisie and peasants. Middle class and farmers gained land, rights, and economic opportunities.

35. What was the main purpose of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy in 1790?

    To bring the Church under state control. Revolutionary law that subordinated Catholic Church to the French state.

36. Which document, adopted in 1789, declared the rights of French citizens?

    Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. Established fundamental rights including liberty, property, and equality before the law.

37. What was the result of the Thermidorian Reaction in 1794?

    Fall of Robespierre and end of the Reign of Terror. July 1794 coup that overthrew Robespierre and moderated revolutionary extremism.

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