English Civil War and Glorious Revolution - AP European History

1. In what year did the Glorious Revolution occur?

   1688. Bloodless revolution that established constitutional monarchy.

2. What key principle did John Locke advocate that influenced the Glorious Revolution?

   Government by consent and natural rights. Justified resistance to tyrannical rulers and parliamentary sovereignty.

3. Which act ensured freedom of worship for nonconformists in 1689?

   Toleration Act. Granted religious freedom to Protestant dissenters outside Anglican Church.

4. What was the religious policy of Oliver Cromwell's regime?

   Puritanism. Promoted strict Protestant moral reforms and religious practices.

5. What was the outcome of the Battle of Worcester?

   Decisive victory for Cromwell's forces. 1651 battle that ended the final Royalist uprising.

6. What was the main religious group opposing King Charles I?

   Puritans. Calvinist reformers opposing Anglican ceremony and Catholic practices.

7. What year did the English Civil War begin?

   1642. Marked the start of armed conflict between Charles I and Parliament.

8. What was the main reason for the Glorious Revolution?

   Fear of a Catholic monarchy. Protestant nobles opposed James II's Catholic policies and absolutism.

9. What was the primary outcome of the English Civil War?

   Reduction of royal power and rise of parliamentary authority. Parliament gained control over taxation, military, and succession.

10. Who was the king of England during the English Civil War?

    King Charles I. Ruled from 1625-1649, believed in divine right of kings.

11. What did the English Bill of Rights establish?

    Limits on royal power and enhanced Parliament's authority. Created constitutional monarchy with Parliament supreme over crown.

12. What was the name of the secret agreement between Charles II and Louis XIV?

    Treaty of Dover. 1670 alliance promising French support for English Catholic restoration.

13. Who led the Parliamentary forces during the English Civil War?

    Oliver Cromwell. Military commander who created the disciplined New Model Army.

14. Which king was restored to the throne in 1660?

    King Charles II. Son of executed Charles I, returned from exile in France.

15. What event led to the establishment of the Commonwealth of England?

    Execution of King Charles I. Regicide in 1649 ended monarchy and created republican government.

16. What was the primary cause of the English Civil War?

    Conflict between monarchy and Parliament. Dispute over taxation, religion, and governmental authority.

17. What was the Glorious Revolution?

    The overthrow of King James II. Bloodless coup that removed Catholic king from throne.

18. Who was the primary political opponent of King Charles I?

    Parliament. Legislative body that controlled taxation and opposed royal absolutism.

19. Which event marked the restoration of the monarchy in England in 1660?

    The Restoration. Return of monarchy after Commonwealth period ended.

20. Which battle marked the decisive victory for Parliament in the English Civil War?

    Battle of Naseby. 1645 victory that effectively ended Royalist resistance.

21. Who were the monarchs that replaced King James II?

    William III and Mary II. Protestant Dutch prince and James II's daughter ruled jointly.

22. What was the name given to supporters of Parliament?

    Parliamentarians or Roundheads. Called Roundheads for their short haircuts, opposed royal absolutism.

23. What was the primary religion of King James II that led to his unpopularity?

    Catholicism. Protestant England feared return to Catholic rule.

24. What was the name given to supporters of King Charles I?

    Royalists or Cavaliers. Named for their elaborate dress and loyalty to the crown.

25. What was the major political change after the Glorious Revolution?

    Parliamentary sovereignty. Parliament became supreme over crown in governing England.

26. What was the significance of the Glorious Revolution in terms of governance?

    Established constitutional monarchy. Limited monarchy with Parliament holding supreme authority.

27. What important document was signed by William and Mary in 1689?

    The Bill of Rights. Constitutional document limiting royal power and protecting rights.

28. Who became Lord Protector of England after the Civil War?

    Oliver Cromwell. Ruled as military dictator from 1653 until his death in 1658.

29. What was the name of the army formed by Parliament during the Civil War?

    New Model Army. Professional military force that defeated royalist armies.

30. Which parliamentary act ensured Protestant succession to the throne?

    Act of Settlement 1701. Prevented future Catholic monarchs from ruling England.

31. Which political philosopher's ideas were influential during the Glorious Revolution?

    John Locke. Theorist of limited government and natural rights philosophy.

32. In what year was King Charles I executed?

    1649. First monarch in European history to be publicly executed.

33. Which document, signed by Charles I, attempted to limit arbitrary royal authority?

    Petition of Right. 1628 document that Charles I initially signed under pressure.

34. What form of government was established following the execution of King Charles I?

    Commonwealth of England. Republican government that replaced the monarchy from 1649-1660.

35. What was the name of the period when England was ruled by Oliver Cromwell?

    The Protectorate. Period of republican rule under Cromwell's military leadership.

36. Which law passed in 1679 aimed to protect individuals against unlawful imprisonment?

    Habeas Corpus Act. Protected against arbitrary arrest and imprisonment without trial.

Study these flashcards