The Green Revolution - AP Environmental Science
- Identify a health issue associated with the Green Revolution.
- Pesticide exposure. Chemical use led to poisoning and chronic health problems.
- Name a key component of the Green Revolution's agricultural package.
- Chemical fertilizers. Synthetic nutrients essential for supporting high-yield crop varieties.
- What is the Green Revolution?
- A period of agricultural transformation with increased crop yields. Began in the 1940s-60s using improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation.
- What infrastructure development accompanied the Green Revolution?
- Expansion of irrigation networks. Canals, pumps, and dams built to support water-intensive agriculture.
- What is a long-term environmental concern of the Green Revolution?
- Water table depletion. Intensive irrigation led to groundwater overuse and aquifer depletion.
- Which region's agriculture was transformed by the Green Revolution's rice varieties?
- Southeast Asia. IR8 rice and other varieties revolutionized food production in the region.
- What environmental issue is exacerbated by the Green Revolution?
- Soil degradation. Heavy chemical use damaged soil structure and fertility over time.
- Which irrigation technique was popularized during the Green Revolution?
- Drip irrigation. Efficient water delivery system reduced waste and increased yields.
- What policy change supported the Green Revolution in Mexico?
- Government investment in agriculture. Public funding supported research, infrastructure, and farmer training programs.
- What is one criticism of the Green Revolution related to biodiversity?
- Loss of crop genetic diversity. Monocultures replaced traditional diverse farming systems.
- Which term describes the use of machines for farming during the Green Revolution?
- Mechanization. Machines replaced manual labor, increasing efficiency and scale.
- Identify one positive outcome of the Green Revolution.
- Reduction in hunger. Dramatically increased food availability in developing countries.
- What is a major input required for Green Revolution crops?
- Water for irrigation. High-yield varieties required consistent water supply for optimal growth.
- Which region was first to benefit from the Green Revolution?
- Mexico. Borlaug's wheat research began in Mexico in the 1940s.
- What was a primary focus in breeding programs during the Green Revolution?
- Yield improvement. Scientists developed varieties that produced more grain per plant.
- What is one limitation of the Green Revolution's agricultural practices?
- Dependency on chemical inputs. Farmers became reliant on expensive external inputs for production.
- What is one technology that facilitated the Green Revolution?
- High-yield variety seeds. Genetically improved seeds produced much higher yields than traditional varieties.
- What type of farming became more prevalent due to the Green Revolution?
- Intensive farming. High-input, high-output systems replaced traditional extensive methods.
- Identify a technological advancement that supported the Green Revolution.
- Improved irrigation systems. Better water management enabled cultivation in previously unsuitable areas.
- Which agricultural practice was reduced as a result of the Green Revolution?
- Crop rotation. Focus shifted to continuous monoculture for maximum yields.
- What is one adaptation made by farmers due to the Green Revolution?
- Adoption of chemical pesticides. Farmers switched to chemical pest control methods for protection.
- What was the primary crop involved in the Green Revolution?
- Wheat. Borlaug's dwarf wheat varieties dramatically increased yields in Mexico.
- Name one environmental concern associated with the Green Revolution.
- Increased pesticide use. Chemicals caused water pollution, soil contamination, and health risks.
- Which nutrient is primarily added to soil during the Green Revolution?
- Nitrogen. Essential macronutrient for plant growth and protein synthesis.
- Name an unintended consequence of the Green Revolution's emphasis on monoculture.
- Increased vulnerability to pests. Genetic uniformity made crops more susceptible to disease outbreaks.
- What was a driving factor behind the Green Revolution?
- Food security concerns. Growing populations needed increased food production to prevent famine.
- What is one economic consequence of the Green Revolution?
- Lower food prices. Increased supply reduced market prices for staple foods.
- State a key feature of high-yield variety seeds used in the Green Revolution.
- Disease resistance. Bred to withstand common plant diseases and environmental stresses.
- Which high-yield variety was developed for wheat?
- Dwarf wheat varieties. Short-stemmed varieties that resisted lodging and produced higher yields.
- What is a social impact of the Green Revolution on small farmers?
- Displacement due to mechanization. Machines reduced need for manual labor, affecting employment.
- Which type of crop is often associated with the Green Revolution's success in Asia?
- Rice. IR8 and other high-yield rice varieties transformed Asian agriculture.
- What is an economic benefit of the Green Revolution?
- Increased agricultural exports. Surplus production allowed countries to sell crops internationally.
- Who is known as the father of the Green Revolution?
- Norman Borlaug. Won the Nobel Peace Prize for developing high-yield wheat varieties.
- Which country experienced a significant impact from the Green Revolution in South Asia?
- India. Transformed from food importer to major agricultural exporter.
- Identify one negative social impact of the Green Revolution.
- Increased income inequality. Wealthy farmers benefited more than small-scale farmers.
- Identify one major goal of the Green Revolution.
- Increase food production. Aimed to combat world hunger through agricultural modernization.
- State one impact of the Green Revolution on rural communities.
- Increased rural income. Higher crop yields led to greater profits for farmers.
- What agricultural technique was emphasized during the Green Revolution?
- Use of synthetic fertilizers. Chemical fertilizers provided essential nutrients for high-yield crops.
- Identify an agricultural challenge that followed the Green Revolution.
- Sustainability of practices. Long-term viability questioned due to environmental and economic costs.
- Which international organization supported the Green Revolution?
- The Rockefeller Foundation. Funded agricultural research and development programs worldwide.