Female Reproductive Anatomy and Oogenesis - Anatomy and Physiology
- Where in the female reproductive tract does fertilization usually occur?
- In the ampulla of the uterine (fallopian) tube.
- How many functional ova can one primary oocyte produce?
- One. The other products of the unequal divisions are small polar bodies.
- What structure forms from the remains of the ruptured follicle after ovulation?
- The corpus luteum.
- What is the sequence of ovarian follicle stages, from earliest to most mature?
- Primordial, primary, secondary, then antral (vesicular or Graafian) follicle.
- At which stage of meiosis is the secondary oocyte arrested when it is ovulated?
- Metaphase II. It completes meiosis II only if a sperm penetrates it.
- When do oogonia multiply by mitosis in females?
- Only during fetal development, so a female is born with a finite pool of primary oocytes.
- Which layer of the endometrium is shed during menstruation?
- The stratum functionalis. The deeper stratum basalis remains and regenerates it.
- What is the smooth muscle layer of the uterine wall called?
- The myometrium, which contracts during labor.
- Which glycoprotein layer surrounds the oocyte inside a growing follicle?
- The zona pellucida, which lies between the oocyte and the granulosa cells.
- Which fluid-filled cavity defines an antral (vesicular) follicle?
- The antrum, which forms as follicular fluid accumulates between the granulosa cells.
- Which fingerlike projections of the uterine tube sweep the ovulated oocyte into the tube?
- The fimbriae, at the margin of the infundibulum.
- At which stage of meiosis are primary oocytes arrested from fetal life until puberty?
- Prophase I of meiosis I.