Axial vs Appendicular Skeleton: Major Landmarks - Anatomy and Physiology
- Which bones form the medial and lateral malleoli of the ankle?
- The tibia forms the medial malleolus; the fibula forms the lateral malleolus.
- How are the ribs classified as true, false, and floating?
- Ribs 1 to 7 are true ribs (own costal cartilage to the sternum); 8 to 12 are false ribs, of which 11 and 12 are floating.
- The acromion, which articulates with the clavicle, is a landmark of which bone?
- The scapula. The acromion is the lateral end of the scapular spine.
- How many vertebrae are in each region of the adult vertebral column?
- 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, and 5 lumbar, plus the sacrum (5 fused) and the coccyx (usually 4 fused).
- Which bones of the bony pelvis belong to the axial skeleton?
- The sacrum and coccyx. The paired hip bones (os coxae) form the pelvic girdle of the appendicular skeleton.
- How are the 206 bones of the adult skeleton split between the axial and appendicular skeletons?
- 80 axial and 126 appendicular.
- Which structures make up the axial skeleton?
- The skull (with the ear ossicles), hyoid bone, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs.
- Which vertebra is the vertebra prominens?
- C7, whose long spinous process is easily felt at the base of the posterior neck.
- Which forearm bone lies laterally, on the thumb side, in anatomical position?
- The radius. The ulna lies medially.
- Is the sternum part of the axial or the appendicular skeleton?
- Axial. It is part of the thoracic cage along with the ribs.
- Is the clavicle part of the axial or the appendicular skeleton?
- Appendicular. It belongs to the pectoral girdle, which attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton.
- The olecranon, the point of the elbow, belongs to which bone?
- The ulna. It fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus when the elbow extends.