- Which statement best summarizes the passage?
Answer: The library is testing later hours on two weekdays before making a final decision.
When a question asks you to summarize a passage, your job is to find the statement that captures the main point — not too broad, not too narrow, and with nothing added that the passage doesn't say.
The passage tells you three things: the library is extending hours on Tuesdays and Thursdays, this is a trial lasting three months, and the library will review data before making a permanent decision. That combination — temporary test on two specific days, with a decision pending — is exactly what C captures. It's the answer that stays faithful to the whole passage without distorting any detail.
A is wrong in two important ways: the passage says hours are being tested, not permanently extended, and it specifically says Saturday hours will not change — the opposite of what A claims.
B is too narrow and inaccurate. The passage says extended hours allow people to "use computers, attend classes, and borrow materials" — not that the library is offering only computer classes. B takes one detail and stretches it into a false main point.
D gets the decision-making process exactly backward. The passage says the library will review both attendance records and visitor comments — not one instead of the other.
A useful strategy: when you spot words like trial, test, or before deciding in a passage, those words are almost always central to the main idea. Any answer that ignores them — or replaces them with something absolute and permanent — is likely a trap. Always ask yourself: does this answer reflect the whole passage, or just a piece of it?
- Which detail best supports the idea that residents should prepare before the repair begins?
Answer: Residents should store water for drinking and washing before 9:00 a.m.
When a question asks which detail "best supports" a main idea, you're being tested on your ability to connect evidence directly to a specific claim. The claim here is that residents should prepare before the repair begins — so you're looking for the detail that most directly tells residents to take action ahead of time.
Choice B does exactly that. It tells residents to fill containers with water before 9:00 a.m., which is the moment the water shuts off. This is direct, practical advice that supports the idea of advance preparation — it's the clearest evidence in the passage that preparation beforehand is necessary.
Choice A is a distractor that sounds relevant because it mentions the pipe, but the passage never actually specifies where the pipe is located. More importantly, knowing the pipe's location doesn't help residents prepare for anything — it's unrelated to the "prepare in advance" idea.
Choice C describes what happens after the repair, not before. The manager's text message is about when it's safe to use water again, which is a post-repair action. It doesn't support preparing ahead of time.
Choice D gives the expected end time of the repair, which is useful context, but knowing when the water might return doesn't tell residents what to do before it shuts off. It describes the timeline, not the preparation.
A helpful strategy: when a question asks for a detail that "supports" an idea, ask yourself — does this detail show the idea in action, or does it just relate to the same topic? B doesn't just mention the shutdown; it shows residents actively preparing for it.
- Which detail is most important to include in a summary of how employees receive course credit?
Answer: Employees must finish the lessons and complete a scheduled call with a trainer.
When a question asks what belongs in a summary, your job is to identify the detail that captures the essential requirement — the thing someone absolutely must know to accomplish the goal. For this passage, the goal is receiving course credit, so ask yourself: what conditions must be met for that to happen?
The passage makes it clear that credit requires two things: completing the online lessons and finishing a practice call with a trainer. Neither step alone is enough — the passage explicitly warns that finishing lessons without the call means no credit. Answer C captures both requirements in one sentence, making it the most complete and critical detail for a summary about earning credit.
Answer A is partially true — the flexible scheduling is mentioned in the passage — but it only addresses one of the two requirements and focuses on convenience rather than the conditions for credit. It's a real detail, just not the most important one.
Answer B tells you where to book appointments, which is practical but secondary. A summary should convey what you must do, not just where to go to arrange it.
Answer D mentions the 20-minute duration of the call. That's a minor logistical fact, not a requirement for credit. Knowing the call lasts 20 minutes doesn't change whether or how you earn the course completion.
A useful strategy: when asked about summaries, mentally ask, "If someone only remembered one sentence from this passage, what would they most need to know?" Summaries prioritize requirements and consequences over scheduling details or logistics. Train yourself to separate the what you must do from the how or where you do it.
- What is the main idea of the passage?
Answer: Employees must follow and record several safety steps before leaving the supply room.
When a question asks for the "main idea," you're looking for the statement that captures what the entire passage is about — not just one detail from it. A good main idea covers the big picture without being too broad or too narrow.
This passage opens by announcing a new closing procedure and then walks through three specific steps: moving boxes from the emergency exit, turning off the space heater, and signing the checklist. The passage wraps up by explaining that the checklist lets the supervisor verify those safety steps were done. Everything in the passage points to one central message: employees must follow and document a set of safety steps before leaving the supply room. That makes A the correct answer — it accurately reflects both the "doing" (the safety steps) and the "recording" (signing the checklist) that the whole passage describes.
B is a trap because it combines one real detail (moving boxes) with something the passage actually contradicts — employees are explicitly told they do not need to lock the supply room. Watch out for answers that mix true and false details.
C pulls a supporting detail — the security officer locks the room — and overstates its importance. That fact appears in one sentence near the end and is not what the passage is mainly about.
D is never stated in the passage. The supervisor only reviews the checklist; there is no mention of a personal inspection. This is a classic distractor that sounds plausible but goes beyond what the text actually says.
Strategy tip: When hunting for the main idea, ask yourself: "Which answer could serve as a one-sentence summary of the whole passage?" Any answer tied to a single detail is probably a distractor.
- Why does the passage mention that many patients forgot their appointment dates?
Answer: It explains why the clinic added two reminders before each scheduled visit.
When a passage explains why a change was made, that reason is called the cause, and the change itself is the effect. Questions that ask "why does the passage mention" something are testing whether you can identify how one detail supports another.
In this passage, the clinic switched to a two-reminder system — a text three days out and a phone call one day out. The very next sentence tells you why: many patients were missing appointments because they forgot the dates. That detail about forgetfulness is the cause that directly explains the new reminder policy. Answer A correctly captures this cause-and-effect relationship: the forgotten appointments explain why two reminders were added.
Answer B is a trap because it makes a comparison the passage never makes. The passage doesn't say recorded calls are better than texts — it simply describes both as part of the new system. Answer C distorts the detail about "three days." The three-day window is when the text reminder is sent, not a rule about how far in advance appointments must be scheduled — the passage says nothing about scheduling deadlines. Answer D flips the meaning of the cancellation policy entirely. The passage actually says canceled slots can be offered to other patients — but only if you cancel 24 hours ahead. The passage doesn't say canceled appointments can no longer be redistributed.
A useful strategy: when asked why a detail is included, ask yourself, "What does this sentence support or explain in the passage?" The detail about forgetting appointments directly supports the decision to add reminders — that's your answer, A.
- What is the main point of this notice?
Answer: Residents must separate accepted glass from mixed recycling and follow preparation steps before placing it in the blue bin.
When a question asks for the "main point" of a notice or announcement, your job is to find the answer that captures the full, central message — not just one detail from it. Ask yourself: what does this notice primarily want readers to know and do?
This passage has two core ideas working together: glass now goes in a separate blue bin, and residents must follow specific preparation steps (remove lids, rinse the glass) before placing it there. Answer B captures both of these elements accurately, making it the best summary of the notice's main point.
Answer A goes too far by saying the city is "ending mixed recycling" — the passage never says that. Paper, cans, and approved plastics still go in the mixed cart. This choice also says processing has become "impossible," which is an exaggeration of what the passage actually states.
Answer C contains a critical error: it says residents should place "all types of glass, including window panes" in the blue bin. The passage explicitly states the opposite — window glass and drinking glasses are not accepted in either bin. Always watch for answer choices that contradict specific details in the text.
Answer D misrepresents the rules about paper and cans. The passage says paper and cans continue going in the mixed recycling cart alongside approved plastics — there is no instruction to separate them from plastics.
A useful strategy: when identifying a main point, the correct answer should be broad enough to cover the whole message but specific enough to reflect what makes this notice unique. If an answer only covers part of the passage or distorts a key fact, eliminate it.
- Luis slips on a loose mat but catches himself and is not injured. Which action matches the main message and the supporting directions in the passage?
Answer: He should tell the shift leader and complete the form before his shift ends.
When a passage gives you both a policy and step-by-step directions, your job is to find the answer that honors both — not just one or the other. Here, the passage defines a near miss, states it must be reported before the shift ends, and gives two specific steps: tell the shift leader, then complete the incident form.
Luis's slip fits the definition of a near miss exactly — an event that could have caused injury, even though no one was hurt. That means the full reporting process applies to him, which makes B the correct answer. It captures both the timeline (before the shift ends) and the procedure (shift leader first, then the form).
Choice A fails on two counts: moving the mat doesn't substitute for reporting, and waiting until someone is later injured ignores the passage's whole point — near misses are reported to prevent future injuries, not after one happens. Choice C gets the order backwards; Luis doesn't wait for the safety team to act before completing the form. The form is part of how the safety team learns about the hazard in the first place. Choice D is the most tempting trap because Luis wasn't hurt — but the passage directly states that near misses must be reported even when no one is injured, so a coworker conversation is not a substitute for a formal report.
A useful strategy: when a passage includes a definition (like "near miss"), always check whether the scenario in the question matches that definition before picking your answer. If it does, the full policy applies — no exceptions hidden in the answer choices.
- Which choice states the main idea without changing an important detail?
Answer: Route 16 will use a temporary stop while crossing repairs close part of its regular route.
When a question asks for the "main idea," you're looking for the choice that captures the overall point of the passage — not a minor detail, and not something that distorts or exaggerates what was said.
This passage is about a temporary route change for Route 16: the Central Avenue stop is closed for railroad repairs from May 4–8, so riders should use a substitute stop on Oak Street. Choice A captures exactly that — a temporary stop exists because part of the regular route is closed for repairs. It's accurate, complete, and doesn't overstate or understate anything in the passage. That makes A the correct answer.
Choice B contains a critical distortion: it says the move is permanent. The passage clearly states the regular route is expected to return on May 9, so calling this a permanent change directly contradicts the text. Watch for answer choices that swap "temporary" for "permanent" — that's a classic trap.
Choice C is an overgeneralization. The passage says Route 16 won't stop at Central Avenue — not that all buses stop running entirely. This choice inflates a limited service change into a full shutdown, which is inaccurate.
Choice D reverses the instructions. The passage tells riders to leave Central Avenue and use the Oak Street stop during the repair period. Choice D implies they should stay at Central Avenue until told otherwise — the opposite of what the passage says.
A useful strategy: on main idea questions, eliminate choices that are either too narrow (a single detail), too broad (overgeneralizing), or that contradict specific facts in the passage. The correct choice will be a fair summary of the whole passage without adding or changing anything.
- Which statement best expresses the passage's main idea?
Answer: The garden has revised its compost rules to reduce pests and improve breakdown.
When a question asks for the "main idea," you're looking for a statement that captures the overall point of the entire passage — not a single detail, and not something the passage contradicts. Ask yourself: what is this passage mostly about?
This passage covers two related changes: the garden stopped accepting cooked food because it attracts pests and breaks down poorly, and it updated its rules about what members can add and how. C — "The garden has revised its compost rules to reduce pests and improve breakdown" — captures both of these threads in one accurate, balanced statement. It reflects the why (pests, poor breakdown) and the what (revised rules), making it the best summary of the whole passage.
A is tempting because oily foods are mentioned, but the passage doesn't say the bins were closed — only that cooked food is no longer accepted. This choice overstates what happened and misrepresents the reason.
B distorts the details badly. The passage says members may still add uncooked scraps, coffee grounds, and eggshells — dry leaves and eggshells alone are not the full picture, and this answer ignores everything else members are still allowed to compost.
D directly contradicts the passage. The passage says cooked food is no longer accepted, so telling members to cook scraps before adding them is the opposite of the actual guidance.
A useful strategy: on main idea questions, eliminate answers that focus on just one detail or that contradict the passage. The correct main idea will be broad enough to cover the whole passage without going beyond what it actually says.
- Which conclusion is best supported by the main idea and details of the passage?
Answer: An application enters the review order only after all three required items have been received by the office.
When a passage gives you a process with rules and conditions, your job is to follow the logic carefully — especially cause-and-effect relationships. Here, the passage sets up a clear system: there are three required items, and the review order is based on when a completed application is received, not when any single document arrives.
The passage states directly that "sending an application early does not reserve a place if the required documents are missing" and that incomplete applications are held until everything arrives. That means the clock doesn't start until all three items — application, proof of income, and heating bill — are in hand. Answer D captures this perfectly: an application enters the review queue only once all three required documents have been received.
A is the opposite of what the passage says. An early but incomplete application does not move ahead in line — it sits on hold until completed, potentially falling behind later applicants who submitted everything at once.
B is a tempting trap. You might assume that submitting income proof later wouldn't "change" your position, but the passage makes clear your position isn't established until the file is complete. Sending documents separately could actually hurt your standing relative to others.
C introduces a distinction — online vs. in-person — that the passage never makes. The passage says applicants may use either method, with no mention of one being prioritized over the other.
A useful strategy: when a passage explains a process or policy, look for the condition that triggers the outcome. Here, the trigger for being reviewed is a complete application — that's the detail that points directly to D.
