Adult ESL ELL Advanced Quiz
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INTERPRETIVE COMMUNICATION (LISTENING & READING)
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From a magazine article on sleep science:
'The widespread belief that adults need exactly eight hours of sleep per night is an oversimplification that sleep researchers have been pushing back against for years. Individual sleep needs vary significantly based on genetics, age, and activity level. A landmark 2003 study by Hans Van Dongen found that subjects restricted to six hours of sleep per night showed steadily increasing cognitive deficits over two weeks — but crucially, they reported feeling only slightly sleepy, suggesting that people are poor judges of their own sleep deprivation. This is why self-reported sleep satisfaction is a weak metric for public health policy. Policymakers who rely on surveys asking people whether they feel rested are likely underestimating the true scale of sleep deprivation in the population. What is needed is objective measurement — actigraphy or polysomnography — rather than the subjective self-report data that currently dominates national health surveys.'
The author references the Van Dongen study finding that subjects 'reported feeling only slightly sleepy' despite significant cognitive deficits. In the context of the full argument, this detail functions primarily as:
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