Describe Relationships Between Events or Concepts - 3rd Grade Reading

What does the word "sequence" mean when describing events in an informational text?

The order in which events or steps happen. Sequence shows chronological arrangement of events.
What should you describe to show a relationship between two historical events in a text?

How one event leads to or changes the next event. Show the connection through cause, effect, or sequence.
What should you describe to show a relationship between steps in a technical procedure?

The correct order and why each step must happen. Explain sequence and purpose of each step.
Which transition word best shows time order: "after," "because," or "however"?

after. "After" indicates what follows in time.
Which transition word signals that one event happened earlier than another: "before" or "because"?

Before. Shows temporal precedence between events.
What does the phrase "at the same time" tell you about two events in a text?

They happen simultaneously. Events occur at the exact same moment.
Which time-order word best signals the first step: "first," "next," or "finally"?

First. Indicates the beginning of a sequence.
What is the meaning of the word "during" when describing events in a text?

At the same time as another event. Shows simultaneous occurrence of events.
What is the meaning of the word "after" when describing two events in a text?

Later in time; following another event. Shows temporal succession of events.
What is a "historical event" in an informational text?

Something that happened in the past. Historical events are occurrences from earlier times.
Choose the best sequence word to complete: "___, mix the ingredients. Then bake the cake."

First. "First" begins a sequence of instructions.
Which relationship is shown by "This led to...": time order or cause and effect?

Cause and effect. "Led to" shows one thing caused another.
What is an effect in a cause-and-effect relationship described in a text?

What happens as a result of the cause. An effect is the outcome produced by a cause.
Identify the cause: "It rained all night, so the river rose." What is the cause?

It rained all night. The rain is what triggered the river rising.
Which relationship is shown by "Later that day...": time order or cause and effect?

Time order (sequence). "Later" indicates when something happened.
What kind of language should you use to describe relationships in RI.3.3 responses?

Time, sequence, and cause-and-effect words. These signal words clarify relationships between ideas.
What does "cause and effect" mean in an informational text?

A cause makes something happen; the effect is what happens. Shows the relationship between an action and its result.
Which signal word most clearly shows cause: "because," "meanwhile," or "later"?

because. "Because" introduces the reason something happens.
Which signal word most clearly shows effect: "therefore," "before," or "during"?

therefore. "Therefore" introduces a result or consequence.
Choose the best word to show a reason: "Plants need sunlight ___ they make food." (because/finally)

Because. Explains why plants need sunlight.
Identify what you should look for to track sequence in a text with many steps.

Numbered steps and time-order words such as first, next, and finally. These features help readers follow procedural order.
Identify the effect: "It rained all night, so the river rose." What is the effect?

The river rose. The rising river is the consequence of the rain.
Which transition word signals a reason: "because" or "next"?

Because. Introduces a reason or explanation.
Choose the best word to show the next step: "First, wash. ___, rinse." (Next/Because)

Next. Shows the second step in a sequence.
What should you look for to identify the order of steps in a technical procedure?

Numbered steps and time-order words. These features help readers follow the sequence.
Choose the best effect word to complete: "It snowed all night; ___, school was canceled."

therefore. "Therefore" shows the result of heavy snow.
What is the meaning of the phrase "as a result" in an informational text?

It introduces an effect or outcome. Links a cause to its consequence.
What does the time word "finally" tell you about a series of steps or events?

It signals the last step or event in the sequence. "Finally" indicates the conclusion of a sequence.
What should you describe to show a relationship between two scientific ideas in a text?

How one idea explains, supports, or causes the other. Show logical connections between concepts.
What does the time word "next" tell you about the order of steps or events?

It signals the step that comes after the previous one. "Next" indicates what follows in sequential order.
What is a "scientific concept" in an informational text?

An idea that explains how something works in science. Scientific concepts explain natural phenomena.
Which phrase signals an effect: "so" or "for example"?

So. Introduces a consequence or result.
Identify the relationship signaled by "as a result" in an informational text.

Cause and effect. "As a result" introduces an outcome or consequence.
Which transition word best shows sequence: "then," "since," or "although"?

then. "Then" shows what comes next in order.
Which time-order word best signals the last step: "before," "then," or "finally"?

Finally. Indicates the end of a sequence.
Identify the relationship signaled by "before" in an informational text.

Time order (sequence). "Before" shows what happens earlier in time.
Choose the best cause/effect word to complete: "The road flooded ___ it rained all day."

because. "Because" introduces the cause of flooding.
What is a cause in a cause-and-effect relationship described in a text?

The reason an event happens. A cause triggers or creates the effect.
Which word best signals a sequence of steps in a procedure: "steps" or "opinions"?

Steps. Steps indicate sequential instructions.
What does the time word "first" tell you about an event in an informational text?

It happens at the beginning of the sequence. "First" indicates the initial event in a time sequence.

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