- Read about Sofia's day. Which is frozen water (solid ice)? Sofia held a snowball outside. She saw a frozen puddle on the sidewalk. She watched rain fall. She drank water from a cup.
Answer: Snowball and frozen puddle
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, the examples include a snowball and frozen puddle which are solid water, and rain and cup water which are liquid water. Choice A is correct because both a snowball (made of packed snow) and a frozen puddle are water in solid form—they are hard, cold, and hold their shape. Choice D represents the temperature confusion error, which happens when students think that cold liquid water (like cold rain or cold water in a cup) is the same as frozen solid water. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold.
- Look at Jamal's notes. Which shows liquid water? Jamal saw a puddle after rain. He saw icicles on a roof. He saw ice cubes in the freezer. He saw water in a glass.
Answer: Puddle and water in a glass
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, the examples include a puddle and water in a glass which are liquid water, and icicles and ice cubes which are solid water. Choice B is correct because both a puddle and water in a glass are water in liquid form that flows and can be poured or splashed. Choice C represents mixing categories, which happens when students include both solid (ice cubes) and liquid (puddle) forms together instead of identifying only liquids. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature.
- Read what Emma saw. Which examples show solid water (ice)? Emma saw ice cubes in a cup. She saw frost on the grass. She saw rain on her window. She saw water flowing in the sink.
Answer: Ice cubes and frost
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, the examples include ice cubes and frost which are solid water, and rain and sink water which are liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and frost are both frozen water, making them solid forms of water that are hard and hold their shape. Choice D represents a common misconception, which happens when students confuse cold temperature with solid state—just because sink water is cold doesn't mean it's solid ice. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container.
- Read about what Chen saw. What is an example of water as a liquid? Chen saw a frozen puddle, water from a faucet, and frost.
Answer: Water from a faucet
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include a frozen puddle and frost which are solid water, and water from a faucet which is liquid water. Choice C is correct because water from a faucet flows and pours, making it liquid water, not solid. Choice A represents a common error where students see the word 'frozen' and think it must be liquid, which happens when students confuse the original state (puddle) with its current frozen state. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Sofia watched the weather. Cold day: icicles, frost, snow. Warm day: rain, puddles, water from a hose. Which is frozen water (solid)?
Answer: Icicles and frost
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include icicles, frost, and snow which are solid water, and rain, puddles, and water from a hose which are liquid water. Choice C is correct because icicles and frost are frozen water, making them solid, not liquid. Choice A represents reversing the classification of solid and liquid, which happens when students mix up liquid examples like rain and puddles with solid water. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about what Carlos saw. Solid (ice): ice cubes, frost, frozen puddle. Liquid (water): sink water, puddles, rain. Which is frozen water (solid)?
Answer: Ice cubes and frost
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Carlos saw ice cubes, frost, and frozen puddle as solid water, and sink water, puddles, and rain as liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and frost are both frozen water, making them solid forms that are hard and hold their shape. Choice C represents a common error where students select liquid water examples (puddles and sink water) when asked for frozen/solid water, showing confusion about the difference between solid and liquid states. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Look at the observations from Jamal. Solid (ice): snow on the yard, a frozen puddle, ice cubes in the freezer. Liquid (water): water in a glass, water from the faucet, puddles after rain. Which shows liquid water?
Answer: Water in a glass and faucet water
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include snow on the yard, a frozen puddle, and ice cubes in the freezer which are solid water, and water in a glass, water from the faucet, and puddles after rain which are liquid water. Choice C is correct because water in a glass and faucet water are water in liquid form that flows and can be poured. Choice A represents a reversal of classification, which happens when students mix up solid and liquid by choosing hard, shape-holding examples instead of flowing ones. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about what Yuki saw. Which is an example of water as a solid? Yuki saw frost, rain, and a puddle.
Answer: Frost
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include frost which is solid water, and rain and a puddle which are liquid water. Choice C is correct because frost is frozen water vapor that forms as ice crystals on surfaces, making it solid water. Choice A represents a common error where students think all wet things must be liquid, which happens when students focus on moisture rather than the actual state of matter. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about Emma's observations. Solid ice: ice cubes and frost. Liquid water: a puddle and water in a glass. Which shows liquid water?
Answer: Puddle and water in glass
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Emma observed ice cubes and frost as solid ice, and a puddle and water in a glass as liquid water. Choice B is correct because both a puddle and water in a glass are liquid water that flows and takes the shape of its container. Choice C represents a mixing error, which happens when students combine one solid example (frost) with one liquid example (puddle) instead of identifying only liquid forms. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Practice sorting examples into correct categories.
- Carlos wrote a science log. Solid (ice): ice on a pond, snow, ice cubes. Liquid (water): lake water, rain, water in a cup. Which is solid water (ice)?
Answer: Ice on a pond and snow
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Carlos recorded ice on a pond, snow, and ice cubes as solid water, and lake water, rain, and water in a cup as liquid water. Choice C is correct because ice on a pond and snow are both frozen water, making them solid forms that are hard and maintain their shape. Choice B represents a classification error where students select liquid water when asked for solid, which happens when students don't understand that water in a cup and rain flow and pour, making them liquid not solid. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid).
- Read Chen's observations. What is an example of water as a liquid? Chen saw ice cubes on a plate. He saw snow on the ground. He saw a puddle by the curb. He saw water from the faucet.
Answer: Puddle and faucet water
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, the examples include ice cubes and snow which are solid water, and a puddle and faucet water which are liquid water. Choice B is correct because both a puddle and water from the faucet are water in liquid form that flows, can be poured, and takes the shape of its container. Choice C represents a category mixing error, which happens when students combine solid (snow) and liquid (puddle) forms instead of identifying only liquids. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid).
- Read what Yuki found. Based on the observations, which are liquids? Yuki saw ice on a pond. She saw frost on grass. She saw water from a hose. She saw rain making puddles.
Answer: Hose water and rain puddles
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, the examples include ice on a pond and frost which are solid water, and hose water and rain puddles which are liquid water. Choice B is correct because both water from a hose and rain making puddles are water in liquid form that flows, can be sprayed or poured, and takes the shape of its container or ground surface. Choice A represents selecting only solids error, which happens when students identify the frozen forms (ice on pond and frost) instead of the liquids as requested. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Practice with real examples: hose water (liquid) and ice on pond (solid).
- Amir watched the weather. Solid (ice): hail on the ground, ice on a pond, frost on grass. Liquid (water): rain falling, puddles forming, water in a bottle. Which is an example of water as a solid (ice)?
Answer: Hail and pond ice
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include hail on the ground, ice on a pond, and frost on grass which are solid water, and rain falling, puddles forming, and water in a bottle which are liquid water. Choice C is correct because hail and pond ice are frozen water, making them solid, not liquid. Choice D represents confusing container properties with water state, which happens when students think cold or hard objects like bottles and caps mean the water is solid. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Sofia wrote a science log. Solid (ice): icicles, frost, ice cubes. Liquid (water): sink water, puddles, rain. Which is frozen water (solid)?
Answer: Icicles and ice cubes
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Sofia recorded icicles, frost, and ice cubes as solid water, and sink water, puddles, and rain as liquid water. Choice B is correct because icicles and ice cubes are both frozen water, making them solid forms that are hard and maintain their shape. Choice C represents a common misconception where students select liquid water when asked for solid, which happens when students don't recognize that rain and sink water flow and pour, making them liquid not solid. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid).
- Keisha looked outside on a cold morning. Solid (ice): frost on grass, icicles on a gutter, and ice cubes in a cooler. Liquid (water): rain later, puddles on the street, and water in the sink. Which is frozen water (solid ice)?
Answer: Frost and icicles
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include frost on grass, icicles on a gutter, and ice cubes in a cooler which are solid water, and rain later, puddles on the street, and water in the sink which are liquid water. Choice C is correct because frost and icicles are frozen water, making them solid, not liquid. Choice D represents confusing container properties with water state, which happens when students mistake hard or cold objects like sinks and faucets for solid water forms. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about what Maya saw. Which examples show solid water (ice)? Maya saw icicles, ice cubes, and water in a cup.
Answer: Ice cubes and icicles
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include icicles and ice cubes which are solid water, and water in a cup which is liquid water. Choice B is correct because both ice cubes and icicles are frozen water that holds its shape, making them solid forms of water. Choice A represents a common error where students mix liquid and solid forms, which happens when students don't carefully identify each example's state. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Carlos did an experiment. He froze water into ice cubes and a frozen puddle tray. Later, they melted into water in a bowl and puddles. Which are solids (ice)?
Answer: Ice cubes and frozen puddle
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include ice cubes and frozen puddle which are solid water, and water in a bowl and puddles which are liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and frozen puddle are frozen water, making them solid, not liquid. Choice C represents confusing cold temperature with solid state, which happens when students think that cold bowl water is solid like ice, but it is still liquid unless frozen. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about what Emma saw. Which examples show solid water (ice)? Emma saw ice cubes in a tray, frost on grass, and rain on the sidewalk.
Answer: Ice cubes and frost
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). The same substance, water, can be solid (frozen) or liquid depending on temperature. In this scenario, the examples include ice cubes in a tray and frost on grass which are solid water, and rain on the sidewalk which is liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and frost are both frozen water, making them solid forms of water that hold their shape. Choice A represents a common error where students confuse wet things with solid water, which happens when students focus on the presence of water rather than its state of matter. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read about what Emma saw. Solid (ice): ice cubes, icicles, frost. Liquid (water): rain, puddles, sink water. Which examples show water in solid form (ice)?
Answer: Ice cubes and icicles
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Emma observed ice cubes, icicles, and frost as solid water, and rain, puddles, and sink water as liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and icicles are both frozen water, making them solid forms of water that are hard and hold their shape. Choice A represents a common error where students confuse examples, selecting rain and puddles which are actually liquid water that flows and takes the shape of its container. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container. Show that both are water, just in different forms based on temperature. Practice with real examples: ice cubes (solid) and water in cup (liquid). Watch for students who think cold water is solid just because it's cold, or who confuse the hardness of a container with the state of the water inside.
- Read what Sofia saw. Solid ice: ice cubes and icicles. Liquid water: rain and a puddle. Which is an example of water as a solid (ice)?
Answer: Ice cubes and icicles
This question tests 2nd grade understanding that water can be solid or liquid (NGSS 2-ESS2-3: Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid). Water can exist in different forms. When water is very cold (at or below freezing temperature, 32°F or 0°C), it becomes solid—we call this ice. Solid water is hard and holds its shape (ice cubes, snow, icicles, frost, frozen puddles, hail). When water is warmer than freezing, it is liquid—it flows and pours and takes the shape of its container (water in cups, rain, puddles, rivers, water from faucet). In this scenario, Sofia observed ice cubes and icicles as solid ice, and rain and a puddle as liquid water. Choice B is correct because ice cubes and icicles are both frozen water, making them solid forms of water that are hard and hold their shape. Choice A represents a common error where students confuse examples, which happens when students don't carefully distinguish between the solid and liquid categories shown in the observation. To help students identify solid and liquid water: Do a freezing/melting experiment—freeze water in ice cube tray, then let ice melt and observe the change from solid to liquid. Create a chart with two columns (Solid Water/Ice and Liquid Water) and have students brainstorm examples for each. Emphasize key properties: solid water (ice) is hard and holds its shape; liquid water flows and takes shape of container.
