# GRE Subject Test: Chemistry : Acid-Base Analysis

## Example Questions

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### Example Question #31 : Analytical Chemistry

Based on the equilibrium above, what does  act as?

an anion

an acid

a catalyst

a base

an acid

Explanation:

An acid is a substance that can donates a proton. The conjugate acid of a base is formed when the base accepts a proton. In this case,  is the conjugate acid to the base . This is because  accepts a hydrogen ion from the water molecule to form , the conjugate acid.

### Example Question #32 : Analytical Chemistry

Given the following equilibria, what is the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution containing  ?

The  for  is

Explanation:

Below is the acid-base equilibria of  in an aqueous solution:

A solution of ammonia () is basic based on the chemical equation given. The  for this reaction is:

Based on the chemical equation,

We can make the concentration of these species equal to :

The  concentration is equal to:

has a low  so we can assume the following:

Plugging the values into the base dissociation constant equation gives:

Solve for

### Example Question #33 : Analytical Chemistry

Given the following equilibria, what is the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution containing   (benzoic acid)?

The  for  is .

Explanation:

Below is the acid-base equilibria of  in an aqueous solution:

A solution of benzoic acid () is acidic based on the chemical equation given. The  for this reaction is:

Based on the chemical equation,

We can make the concentration of these species equal to :

The  concentration is equal to:

has a low  so we can assume the following:

Plugging the values into the base dissociation constant equation gives:

Solve for

### Example Question #34 : Analytical Chemistry

Given the following equilibria, what is the hydronium ion concentration of a solution containing  ?

The  for  is .

Explanation:

Below is the acid-base equilibria of  in an aqueous solution:

A solution of  is acidic based on the chemical equation given. The Ka for this reaction is:

Based on the chemical equation,

We can make the concentration of these species equal to :

The  concentration is equal to:

has a low  so we can assume the following:

Plugging the values into the base dissociation constant equation gives:

Solve for

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