# Common Core: High School - Statistics and Probability : Conditional Probability as Fraction of Outcomes: CCSS.Math.Content.HSS-CP.B.6

## Example Questions

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### Example Question #1 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Suppose that three construction workers—Bob, Tim, and Al—are completing the frames for three interior walls of a new home. Each wall is of equal size and requires six two inch by four inch boards to complete. There are seventeen boards in a pile and new ones will not be delivered until after lunch. Bob selects his lumber first, then Tim, and Al is the last person to get lumber for the beginning of the day. Assume that all boards are identical and one is not favored over another.

Given that each worker uses at least five boards, what is the probability that Bob will finish his wall project before lunchtime?

Possible Answers:

Cannot be determined

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate the scenario in the question. In order to solve this problem we should first list all of the possible combinations that the men could take the boards if each chose at least one board. We can assume that each construction worker will choose at least one board because they all have a job to complete by the end of the day. After you tabulate these combinations, you should construct a table similar to the following:

Next, let's create a conditional probability formula using the information in the question. We want to know the probability that Bob will get his wall built by lunchtime given that each worker has used at least five boards:

Now, let's find the probability that Bob finishes by lunch and each worker uses at least five boards. First, we will isolate the all of the combinations where Bob obtains six boards (i.e. the number of boards he needs to finish his wall by lunch).

Second, we will highlight the combinations in this series where every individual had at least five boards.

We can see that there re two instances where Bob has six boards and each worker has at least five boards; therefore, we can calculate the following probability:

After we have calculated the probability of the intersection that Bob finishes by lunch and that each worker gets five boards, we can calculate the probability that each worker gets five boards. We will do this by combing through the data and finding every instance where each worker obtained more than five pieces of lumber. If you do this correctly, then you should construct a table similar to the following:

Now, we can calculate the probability that each worker will obtain at least five two inch by four inch pieces of lumber.

Last, we can substitute these values into our equation for conditional probability and solve.

Convert to a percentage.

### Example Question #1 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

Reduce.

### Example Question #2 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

Reduce.

### Example Question #3 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #5 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #4 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #5 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #6 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #9 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

### Example Question #7 : Conditional Probability As Fraction Of Outcomes: Ccss.Math.Content.Hss Cp.B.6

Use the provided figure to identify:

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve this problem, we need to discuss probabilities and more specifically conditional probabilities. We will start with discussing probabilities in a general sense. A probability is generally defined as the chances or likelihood of an event occurring. It is calculated by identifying two components: the event and the sample space. The event is defined as the favorable outcome or success that we wish to observe. On the other hand, the sample space is defined as the set of all possible outcomes for the event. Mathematically we calculate probabilities by dividing the event by the sample space:

Let's use a simple example: the rolling of a die. We want to know the probability of rolling a one. We know that the sample space is six because there are six sides or outcomes to the die. Also, we know that there is only a single side with a value of one; therefore,

Now, let's convert this into a percentage:

Probabilities expressed in fraction form will have values between zero and one. One indicates that an event will definitely occur, while zero indicates that an event will not occur. Likewise, probabilities expressed as percentages possess values between zero and one hundred percent where probabilities closer to zero are unlikely to occur and those close to one hundred percent are more likely to occur.

Now that we understand the definition of a probability in its most general sense, we can investigate conditional probabilities. A conditional probability is defined as the probability that event B will occur given the information that an event A has already occurred.

It is expressed using the following equation:

In this equation, the probability of event B given that event A has occurred is equal to the probability of the intersection of events A and B divided by the probability of event A. It is important to note that if the events are independent, then the probability of event B given event A is simply the probability of event B because event A does not affect it.

Now, that we have an understanding of conditional probabilities let's investigate an example scenario. Let's use this information to calculate  in a Venn diagram.

Given the information in the diagram and our knowledge of conditional probabilities we can derive the following equation:

Let's start by calculating the probability of the intersection of events A and C. In the digram there are  dots present in the area where circles A and C intersect; therefore, we can write the following:

Now, let's calculate the probability of event C. In the diagram we can see that circle C contains  dotes; therefore, we can write the following:

Now that we have calculated the two necessary probabilities we can substitute them into our conditional probability equation and solve.

Substitute.

Solve.

Now that we have worked through an example, let's investigate the scenario in the given question. First, lets derive an equation for the conditional probability:

Let's identify the probability for the intersection of events A and C.

Next, let's identify the probability of event C.

Substitute and solve.

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